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Toward Expanding the Utility of Fermentative Microbiomes for the Recovery of Chemical Energy in Agroindustrial Residues.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Toward Expanding the Utility of Fermentative Microbiomes for the Recovery of Chemical Energy in Agroindustrial Residues./
Author:	Ingle, Abel Trinidad.
Description:	1 online resource (165 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12A.
Subject:	Environmental engineering. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379733704

Toward Expanding the Utility of Fermentative Microbiomes for the Recovery of Chemical Energy in Agroindustrial Residues.
Ingle, Abel Trinidad.

Toward Expanding the Utility of Fermentative Microbiomes for the Recovery of Chemical Energy in Agroindustrial Residues. - 1 online resource (165 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Agroindustrial operations inherently generate residues, which possess chemical energy. Recovering this chemical energy as valuable chemicals, such as biofuel or bioproduct precursors, can provide sustainability to the agroindustry. Many agricultural residues are lignocellulosic materials that contain carbohydrates stored in the form of cellulose and hemicellulose. Depolymerization of these carbohydrate polymers produces carbohydrate-rich hydrolysates that can be fed to microorganisms to generate fermentation products of value to society. When the organic material in lignocellulosic hydrolysates is complex in composition, fermentative microbiomes have been proposed as a biotechnological means to ferment the carbohydrates in the hydrolysates and recover valuable fermentation products. However, harnessing microbiomes for production of valuable fermentation products remains a challenging task because the genomic potential of the microbial communities that self-assemble in bioreactors fed hydrolysates is difficult to predict.In this work, we evaluated the possibility of depolymerizing the lignocellulosic fibers found in dairy manure to create carbohydrate-rich hydrolysates amenable to fermentation. We demonstrated that a thermochemical method could be used to create glucose and xylose-rich hydrolysates, and that these hydrolysates could be fermented to a variety of fermentation products including acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, and octanoic acid (Chapter 2). To gain insight into the genomic potential of the microorganisms enriched in the fermentation process we performed metagenomic analyses and recovered metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from abundant members of the community (Chapter 3). To evaluate the genomic potential of the assembled genomes we developed a procedure to query the metagenomes for the presence of genes encoding homologues of key enzymes in the fermentation process. Metabolic maps of key fermentation processes were assembled, and a combination of gene annotations and sequence comparison was used to determine whether the presence of key enzymes could be established in the MAGs (Chapter 3). This analysis revealed the capability of lactic acid production on the majority of MAGs and the capability of chain-elongation on a smaller number of MAGs. Finally, based on the observations of which organisms were capable of chain-elongation, and the assessment of their genomic potential for substrate utilization and for maintaining redox balance, we hypothesized that the ratio of reduced ferredoxin to NADH plays an important role in determining the end product of the cyclic chain-elongation process. In summary, this project provides an alternative approach to potentially gain value from manure by fermenting carbohydrate-rich hydrolysates produced by thermochemical processes, establishes the capacity of microbiomes to ferment these hydrolysates into a variety of fermentation products, and provides approaches to analyze the genomic potential of the microorganisms in fermenting microbiomes, an important task that needs further refinement to be able to ultimately harness the power of microbiomes for generating value from agroindustrial residues.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379733704Subjects--Topical Terms:

557376
Environmental engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Agroindustrial residueIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Toward Expanding the Utility of Fermentative Microbiomes for the Recovery of Chemical Energy in Agroindustrial Residues.
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520 $a Agroindustrial operations inherently generate residues, which possess chemical energy. Recovering this chemical energy as valuable chemicals, such as biofuel or bioproduct precursors, can provide sustainability to the agroindustry. Many agricultural residues are lignocellulosic materials that contain carbohydrates stored in the form of cellulose and hemicellulose. Depolymerization of these carbohydrate polymers produces carbohydrate-rich hydrolysates that can be fed to microorganisms to generate fermentation products of value to society. When the organic material in lignocellulosic hydrolysates is complex in composition, fermentative microbiomes have been proposed as a biotechnological means to ferment the carbohydrates in the hydrolysates and recover valuable fermentation products. However, harnessing microbiomes for production of valuable fermentation products remains a challenging task because the genomic potential of the microbial communities that self-assemble in bioreactors fed hydrolysates is difficult to predict.In this work, we evaluated the possibility of depolymerizing the lignocellulosic fibers found in dairy manure to create carbohydrate-rich hydrolysates amenable to fermentation. We demonstrated that a thermochemical method could be used to create glucose and xylose-rich hydrolysates, and that these hydrolysates could be fermented to a variety of fermentation products including acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, butyric acid, hexanoic acid, and octanoic acid (Chapter 2). To gain insight into the genomic potential of the microorganisms enriched in the fermentation process we performed metagenomic analyses and recovered metagenome assembled genomes (MAGs) from abundant members of the community (Chapter 3). To evaluate the genomic potential of the assembled genomes we developed a procedure to query the metagenomes for the presence of genes encoding homologues of key enzymes in the fermentation process. Metabolic maps of key fermentation processes were assembled, and a combination of gene annotations and sequence comparison was used to determine whether the presence of key enzymes could be established in the MAGs (Chapter 3). This analysis revealed the capability of lactic acid production on the majority of MAGs and the capability of chain-elongation on a smaller number of MAGs. Finally, based on the observations of which organisms were capable of chain-elongation, and the assessment of their genomic potential for substrate utilization and for maintaining redox balance, we hypothesized that the ratio of reduced ferredoxin to NADH plays an important role in determining the end product of the cyclic chain-elongation process. In summary, this project provides an alternative approach to potentially gain value from manure by fermenting carbohydrate-rich hydrolysates produced by thermochemical processes, establishes the capacity of microbiomes to ferment these hydrolysates into a variety of fermentation products, and provides approaches to analyze the genomic potential of the microorganisms in fermenting microbiomes, an important task that needs further refinement to be able to ultimately harness the power of microbiomes for generating value from agroindustrial residues.
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