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Nutritional Programming of White Adipose Tissue and Mitochondrial Function : = Fat Quality Matters.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Nutritional Programming of White Adipose Tissue and Mitochondrial Function :/
Reminder of title:	Fat Quality Matters.
Author:	Kodde, Francina Dorothea.
Description:	1 online resource (254 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-11B.
Subject:	Cardiovascular disease. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798382234885

Nutritional Programming of White Adipose Tissue and Mitochondrial Function : = Fat Quality Matters.
Kodde, Francina Dorothea.

Nutritional Programming of White Adipose Tissue and Mitochondrial Function :Fat Quality Matters. - 1 online resource (254 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wageningen University and Research, 2024.

Includes bibliographical references

The global prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is considered a major public health threat. The causes of obesity are multifactorial and several contributing factors have been identified in early life, such as suboptimal fetal growth and maternal overnutrition during pregnancy. Nutrition in early life has been suggested to play an important role in setting the risk of metabolic health outcomes in later life, a concept called nutritional programming. Breastfeeding is associated with a differential growth and adiposity development and a protective effect on childhood overweight and adverse metabolic health outcomes. One contributing factor may be the distinctly different supramolecular structure of the human milk fat globule compared to lipid droplets in infant formula. Indeed, a postnatal diet with large, (milk)phospholipid coated lipid droplets i.e., mimicking some of the features of the human milk fat globule, previously showed to reduced adult adiposity in a mouse model for nutritional programming. Alterations in white adipose tissue (WAT) function and mitochondrial function were anticipated to contribute to these programming effects. Hence, in this thesis I investigated the effect of a postnatal diet containing large, (milk)phospholipid coated lipid droplets (Nuturis®, called Concept in this thesis) on WAT function and mitochondrial function, including the processes underlying and related alterations in the liver. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction on early life programming of later life metabolic health with a particular focus on the role of WAT, mitochondrial function and liver development.In Chapter 2, we examined the effect of early postnatal Concept feeding on markers of mitochondrial density and oxidative capacity in the visceral, retroperitoneal (RP) WAT of adult mice, with the aim to investigate potential programming effects of the Concept on WAT mitochondrial function. We showed that early postnatal Concept feeding increased levels of mitochondrial density markers i.e., citrate synthase (CS) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and protein expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, a subunit of complex IV of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in RP WAT, following a western style diet (WSD) challenge in adulthood. Together, this may indicate an increased oxidative capacity in WAT of adult mice challenged with a WSD after being fed Concept in early postnatal life, potentially explaining the reduced adiposity observed in this and previous studies. However, in Chapter 4, we learned that mitochondrial density, measured as CS and mtDNA levels, was unaffected in epididymal (EPI), RP and inguinal (ING) WAT directly following the postnatal dietary intervention with the Concept. Interestingly, we did observe a reduced protein expression of OXPHOS subunits in the visceral (EPI and RP) WAT depots at that timepoint. Together, our results indicated that the higher levels of mitochondrial density and oxidative markers in WAT of the mice fed Concept in early postnatal life followed by a WSD challenge in adulthood, were not the consequence of consistently increased levels of those markers from early life onwards, but rather a response to the WSD challenge in adulthood i.e., suggesting preserved mitochondrial flexibility. This increased mitochondrial flexibility may potentially explain the reduced WSD-induced adiposity observed in Concept fed mice. In this thesis we found indications that exposure to a postnatal diet with large, (milk)phospholipid coated lipid droplets in early life has a lasting impact on mitochondrial oxidative capacity in later life. This improved mitochondrial oxidative capacity may (partly) explain previous described beneficial effects of postnatal Concept feeding on adult adiposity and metabolic health outcomes. Underlying processes and mechanisms involved in the programming effect of the Concept are to be elucidated but based on our initial explorations, these may include epigenetic mechanisms and changes to cell populations (WAT browning) and the hepatic (phospho)lipid metabolism.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798382234885Subjects--Topical Terms:

1437669
Cardiovascular disease.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Nutritional Programming of White Adipose Tissue and Mitochondrial Function : = Fat Quality Matters.
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520 $a The global prevalence of overweight and obesity has reached epidemic proportions and is considered a major public health threat. The causes of obesity are multifactorial and several contributing factors have been identified in early life, such as suboptimal fetal growth and maternal overnutrition during pregnancy. Nutrition in early life has been suggested to play an important role in setting the risk of metabolic health outcomes in later life, a concept called nutritional programming. Breastfeeding is associated with a differential growth and adiposity development and a protective effect on childhood overweight and adverse metabolic health outcomes. One contributing factor may be the distinctly different supramolecular structure of the human milk fat globule compared to lipid droplets in infant formula. Indeed, a postnatal diet with large, (milk)phospholipid coated lipid droplets i.e., mimicking some of the features of the human milk fat globule, previously showed to reduced adult adiposity in a mouse model for nutritional programming. Alterations in white adipose tissue (WAT) function and mitochondrial function were anticipated to contribute to these programming effects. Hence, in this thesis I investigated the effect of a postnatal diet containing large, (milk)phospholipid coated lipid droplets (Nuturis®, called Concept in this thesis) on WAT function and mitochondrial function, including the processes underlying and related alterations in the liver. Chapter 1 provides a general introduction on early life programming of later life metabolic health with a particular focus on the role of WAT, mitochondrial function and liver development.In Chapter 2, we examined the effect of early postnatal Concept feeding on markers of mitochondrial density and oxidative capacity in the visceral, retroperitoneal (RP) WAT of adult mice, with the aim to investigate potential programming effects of the Concept on WAT mitochondrial function. We showed that early postnatal Concept feeding increased levels of mitochondrial density markers i.e., citrate synthase (CS) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), and protein expression of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, a subunit of complex IV of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in RP WAT, following a western style diet (WSD) challenge in adulthood. Together, this may indicate an increased oxidative capacity in WAT of adult mice challenged with a WSD after being fed Concept in early postnatal life, potentially explaining the reduced adiposity observed in this and previous studies. However, in Chapter 4, we learned that mitochondrial density, measured as CS and mtDNA levels, was unaffected in epididymal (EPI), RP and inguinal (ING) WAT directly following the postnatal dietary intervention with the Concept. Interestingly, we did observe a reduced protein expression of OXPHOS subunits in the visceral (EPI and RP) WAT depots at that timepoint. Together, our results indicated that the higher levels of mitochondrial density and oxidative markers in WAT of the mice fed Concept in early postnatal life followed by a WSD challenge in adulthood, were not the consequence of consistently increased levels of those markers from early life onwards, but rather a response to the WSD challenge in adulthood i.e., suggesting preserved mitochondrial flexibility. This increased mitochondrial flexibility may potentially explain the reduced WSD-induced adiposity observed in Concept fed mice. In this thesis we found indications that exposure to a postnatal diet with large, (milk)phospholipid coated lipid droplets in early life has a lasting impact on mitochondrial oxidative capacity in later life. This improved mitochondrial oxidative capacity may (partly) explain previous described beneficial effects of postnatal Concept feeding on adult adiposity and metabolic health outcomes. Underlying processes and mechanisms involved in the programming effect of the Concept are to be elucidated but based on our initial explorations, these may include epigenetic mechanisms and changes to cell populations (WAT browning) and the hepatic (phospho)lipid metabolism.
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