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Feeding and ranging behavior of the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Feeding and ranging behavior of the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand./
Author:	Bartlett, Thad Quincy.
Description:	1 online resource (193 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 61-12, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International61-12A.
Subject:	Physical anthropology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780599261846

Feeding and ranging behavior of the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand.
Bartlett, Thad Quincy.

Feeding and ranging behavior of the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. - 1 online resource (193 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 61-12, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Washington University in St. Louis, 1999.

Includes bibliographical references

Gibbons (family Hylobatidae) are small-bodied arboreal apes that live in monogamous social groups. Past research has led to the description of gibbons as highly selective feeders that are largely dependent on small, scattered fruit sources. According to some investigators, the combination of these features restricts hylobatids to relatively aseasonal. forests throughout their range. Despite this assertion, no prior research has focused on the behavioral responses of gibbons to seasonal fluctuations in the availability of preferred foods. From October 1993 to January 1995 I conducted systematic observations of the feeding and ranging behavior of two white-handed gibbon social groups (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. Khao Yai represents a particularly appropriate study area because the forest is characterized by distinct seasons that differ in the abundance of ripe fruit. The principal objectives of the research reported here are, first, to document the behavioral response of white-handed gibbons to seasonal fluctuations in food abundance, and second, to evaluate the assertion that gibbons are uniquely adapted to exploit small, scattered resources. At Khao Yai ripe fruit was least abundant during the cool dry season (November-February). Gibbons responded to the shortage of fruit by reducing travel distance, increasing feeding time, and by feeding increasingly on young leaves, flowers, and fruit of the genus Ficus (or figs). Territorial singing (duets) and inter-group encounters were most frequent during periods of fruit abundance, but agonistic encounters at feeding trees were also common when ripe fruit was scarce. This is interpreted as evidence in support of the resource defense hypothesis for primate territoriality. Finally, recurrent visits to large fruiting trees, or patches, were typical of gibbon foraging during all months. This included, but was not limited to, large fruiting fig trees. Future research on the behavioral ecology of the Hylobatidae should focus also on the utilization and defense of large fruit sources. The benefit of small groups size to gibbons may lie not in their ability to jointly exploit small patches of food, but in their ability to recurrently exploit and defend large patches, thereby minimizing search effort while maximizing energy gain.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780599261846Subjects--Topical Terms:

682465
Physical anthropology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

FeedingIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Feeding and ranging behavior of the white-handed gibbon (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand.
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520 $a Gibbons (family Hylobatidae) are small-bodied arboreal apes that live in monogamous social groups. Past research has led to the description of gibbons as highly selective feeders that are largely dependent on small, scattered fruit sources. According to some investigators, the combination of these features restricts hylobatids to relatively aseasonal. forests throughout their range. Despite this assertion, no prior research has focused on the behavioral responses of gibbons to seasonal fluctuations in the availability of preferred foods. From October 1993 to January 1995 I conducted systematic observations of the feeding and ranging behavior of two white-handed gibbon social groups (Hylobates lar) in Khao Yai National Park, Thailand. Khao Yai represents a particularly appropriate study area because the forest is characterized by distinct seasons that differ in the abundance of ripe fruit. The principal objectives of the research reported here are, first, to document the behavioral response of white-handed gibbons to seasonal fluctuations in food abundance, and second, to evaluate the assertion that gibbons are uniquely adapted to exploit small, scattered resources. At Khao Yai ripe fruit was least abundant during the cool dry season (November-February). Gibbons responded to the shortage of fruit by reducing travel distance, increasing feeding time, and by feeding increasingly on young leaves, flowers, and fruit of the genus Ficus (or figs). Territorial singing (duets) and inter-group encounters were most frequent during periods of fruit abundance, but agonistic encounters at feeding trees were also common when ripe fruit was scarce. This is interpreted as evidence in support of the resource defense hypothesis for primate territoriality. Finally, recurrent visits to large fruiting trees, or patches, were typical of gibbon foraging during all months. This included, but was not limited to, large fruiting fig trees. Future research on the behavioral ecology of the Hylobatidae should focus also on the utilization and defense of large fruit sources. The benefit of small groups size to gibbons may lie not in their ability to jointly exploit small patches of food, but in their ability to recurrently exploit and defend large patches, thereby minimizing search effort while maximizing energy gain.
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