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Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics./
Author:	Pang, Xinle.
Description:	1 online resource (157 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-05B.
Subject:	Commuting. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798380724005

Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics.
Pang, Xinle.

Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics. - 1 online resource (157 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

The first two chapters of this dissertation quantify the welfare consequences of non-college residence-workplace mismatch within the New York Metropolitan area. I find evidence that since 2000s, there is significant residential and job relocation within the city coupled with the rise in nominal wage inequality. While non-college jobs (non-tradable services) are more concentrated in the urban core, non-college residential share has been declining there. To facilitate welfare analysis, I develop a rich quantitative general equilibrium urban model that features (i) heterogeneous skills making endogenous choices of residence and workplace, (ii) multiple sectors hiring labor with different skill intensity. Using the estimated model, I find that moving from the early 2000 economy to the current one, the rise in welfare inequality exacerbates the rise in income inequality by 1%. Spatial mismatch between jobs and residence reduces the non-college welfare relative to the college group. Policy of relaxing floor area ratio in central locations helps to reduce welfare inequality.The last two chapters of this dissertation are based on a joint work that studies the welfare implications of post-flooding relief policies in a dynamic spatial economy with flood risk and mobile individuals. We argue that mobility leads to trade-off in the design of relief policies: on the one hand, migration frictions imply imperfect adjustment via moving after flooding, generating equity gains of relief policies; on the other hand, policies induce endogenous sorting into floodplains, potentially causing spatial misallocation of population depending on location characteristics. To confront the data, we develop a fully quantitative general equilibrium model with rich geographic linkages, industry structure, and flood risk. We develop a new solution method with neural network to overcome the curse of dimensionality. We calibrate the model to the economy of Texas coastline and the event of Hurricane Harvey. We show that existing post-Harvey relief transfer improves U.S. welfare compared to a zero-relief economy when the transfer is financed equally by the rest of U.S.. However, a more welfare-enhancing policy, instead, is to reduce the transfer into the most affected locations while increase the amount into the Houston metropolitan area. This reshuffled policy induces less spatial misallocation of population within Texas coastal floodplains. Finally, a resilient policy of providing moving subsidy to incentivize individuals to move away from Texas coastal floodplains leads to lower U.S. welfare compared to a zero-subsidy economy.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798380724005Subjects--Topical Terms:

1203231
Commuting.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Heterogeneous skillsIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Essays on Quantitative Spatial Economics.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The Pennsylvania State University, 2023.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The first two chapters of this dissertation quantify the welfare consequences of non-college residence-workplace mismatch within the New York Metropolitan area. I find evidence that since 2000s, there is significant residential and job relocation within the city coupled with the rise in nominal wage inequality. While non-college jobs (non-tradable services) are more concentrated in the urban core, non-college residential share has been declining there. To facilitate welfare analysis, I develop a rich quantitative general equilibrium urban model that features (i) heterogeneous skills making endogenous choices of residence and workplace, (ii) multiple sectors hiring labor with different skill intensity. Using the estimated model, I find that moving from the early 2000 economy to the current one, the rise in welfare inequality exacerbates the rise in income inequality by 1%. Spatial mismatch between jobs and residence reduces the non-college welfare relative to the college group. Policy of relaxing floor area ratio in central locations helps to reduce welfare inequality.The last two chapters of this dissertation are based on a joint work that studies the welfare implications of post-flooding relief policies in a dynamic spatial economy with flood risk and mobile individuals. We argue that mobility leads to trade-off in the design of relief policies: on the one hand, migration frictions imply imperfect adjustment via moving after flooding, generating equity gains of relief policies; on the other hand, policies induce endogenous sorting into floodplains, potentially causing spatial misallocation of population depending on location characteristics. To confront the data, we develop a fully quantitative general equilibrium model with rich geographic linkages, industry structure, and flood risk. We develop a new solution method with neural network to overcome the curse of dimensionality. We calibrate the model to the economy of Texas coastline and the event of Hurricane Harvey. We show that existing post-Harvey relief transfer improves U.S. welfare compared to a zero-relief economy when the transfer is financed equally by the rest of U.S.. However, a more welfare-enhancing policy, instead, is to reduce the transfer into the most affected locations while increase the amount into the Houston metropolitan area. This reshuffled policy induces less spatial misallocation of population within Texas coastal floodplains. Finally, a resilient policy of providing moving subsidy to incentivize individuals to move away from Texas coastal floodplains leads to lower U.S. welfare compared to a zero-subsidy economy.
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538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
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650 4 $a Floods. $3 972039
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650 4 $a Inequality. $3 1464663
650 4 $a Expenditures. $3 1465945
650 4 $a Statistics. $3 556824
650 4 $a Political science. $3 558774
653 $a Heterogeneous skills
653 $a Equilibrium model
653 $a Spatial economics
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