國立虎尾科技大學 |

Onion Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance : = Targeting Fusarium Basal Rot and Iris Yellow Spot.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Onion Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance :/
Reminder of title:	Targeting Fusarium Basal Rot and Iris Yellow Spot.
Author:	Sharma, Suman.
Description:	1 online resource (189 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-12B.
Subject:	Plant sciences. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798382818467

Onion Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance : = Targeting Fusarium Basal Rot and Iris Yellow Spot.
Sharma, Suman.

Onion Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance :Targeting Fusarium Basal Rot and Iris Yellow Spot. - 1 online resource (189 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New Mexico State University, 2024.

Includes bibliographical references

Fusarium basal rot (FBR) and Iris yellow spot (IYS) are two damaging diseases, that hinder onion production at a global level. Host plant resistance is the most sustainable and cost-efficient method to manage these diseases. Understanding disease resistance mechanisms and developing cultivars with improved resistance requires conducting different experiments that can accelerate breeding efforts. FBR caused by different species of Fusarium, can impact multiple Allium species, with onion (Allium cepa) primarily affected by a soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (FOC). A study aimed to evaluate the FBR susceptibility of the initial and the most advanced selected populations of short-day onion cultivars and two check cultivars (partially-resistant and susceptible cultivars) for two years using an artificial inoculation mature bulb screening. A virulent FOC isolate was applied to the transversely-cut basal plates of onion bulbs at a final concentration of 3.0 x 104 spores per ml of the medium. The basal plates were rated after 20 days of incubation for FBR severity using a severity rating scale of 1 (no symptoms) to 9 ( 70% of the basal plate is infected). The selected populations of different cultivars demonstrated a variable response in average FBR severity with a significant reduction in the most advanced selected populations than in the initial population. Additionally, a study was conducted to determine specific antifungal saponins associated with FBR resistance and to understand variations in levels of different saponins in the onion basal plate tissue. The basal plate tissue samples were collected at different time points from populations of three open-pollinated short-day onion cultivars and two check cultivars after artificial inoculation. Cultivar populations exhibited varying saponin concentrations over time post-infection, with higher levels of several saponins during the infection phase compared to the susceptible check. A putatively-identified saponin showed a distinct pattern in cultivar populations, potentially serving as a biomarker for FBR resistance. Another study of three cultivar populations sought to validate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers which were previously identified as linked to FBR resistance. Out of the eight SNP markers, four presented promising results, with one capable of distinguishing alleles between two check cultivars. Two SNP markers suggested the presence of FBR-resistance genes on chromosomes 4 and 8. IYS is a viral disease that is transmitted by onion thrips. For the IYS study, four breeding lines and two commercially available thrips-attractive checks were evaluated for IYS susceptibility for two years. Thrips numbers, leaf counts, IYS severity, and bulb yield parameters were assessed several times after transplanting. The NMSU lines exhibited lower thrips populations, delaying IYS symptom expression compared to the check cultivars. Additionally, NMSU lines produced larger onion bulbs, suggesting a reduced IYS impact on yield. This research will help in developing FBR-resistant and IYS-tolerant cultivars in the future which offer an eco-friendly and cost-effective disease management strategy.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798382818467Subjects--Topical Terms:

1179743
Plant sciences.
Subjects--Index Terms:

AlliumIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Onion Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance : = Targeting Fusarium Basal Rot and Iris Yellow Spot.
LDR:04676ntm a22004097 4500 001 1151740
005 20241118085748.5
006 m o d
007 cr mn ---uuuuu
008 250605s2024 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9798382818467
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI31242910
035 $a AAI31242910
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ $d NTU
100 1 $a Sharma, Suman. $3 1478561
245 1 0 $a Onion Breeding for Improved Disease Resistance : $b Targeting Fusarium Basal Rot and Iris Yellow Spot.
264 0 $c 2024
300 $a 1 online resource (189 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-12, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Cramer, Christopher S.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--New Mexico State University, 2024.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Fusarium basal rot (FBR) and Iris yellow spot (IYS) are two damaging diseases, that hinder onion production at a global level. Host plant resistance is the most sustainable and cost-efficient method to manage these diseases. Understanding disease resistance mechanisms and developing cultivars with improved resistance requires conducting different experiments that can accelerate breeding efforts. FBR caused by different species of Fusarium, can impact multiple Allium species, with onion (Allium cepa) primarily affected by a soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae (FOC). A study aimed to evaluate the FBR susceptibility of the initial and the most advanced selected populations of short-day onion cultivars and two check cultivars (partially-resistant and susceptible cultivars) for two years using an artificial inoculation mature bulb screening. A virulent FOC isolate was applied to the transversely-cut basal plates of onion bulbs at a final concentration of 3.0 x 104 spores per ml of the medium. The basal plates were rated after 20 days of incubation for FBR severity using a severity rating scale of 1 (no symptoms) to 9 ( 70% of the basal plate is infected). The selected populations of different cultivars demonstrated a variable response in average FBR severity with a significant reduction in the most advanced selected populations than in the initial population. Additionally, a study was conducted to determine specific antifungal saponins associated with FBR resistance and to understand variations in levels of different saponins in the onion basal plate tissue. The basal plate tissue samples were collected at different time points from populations of three open-pollinated short-day onion cultivars and two check cultivars after artificial inoculation. Cultivar populations exhibited varying saponin concentrations over time post-infection, with higher levels of several saponins during the infection phase compared to the susceptible check. A putatively-identified saponin showed a distinct pattern in cultivar populations, potentially serving as a biomarker for FBR resistance. Another study of three cultivar populations sought to validate single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers which were previously identified as linked to FBR resistance. Out of the eight SNP markers, four presented promising results, with one capable of distinguishing alleles between two check cultivars. Two SNP markers suggested the presence of FBR-resistance genes on chromosomes 4 and 8. IYS is a viral disease that is transmitted by onion thrips. For the IYS study, four breeding lines and two commercially available thrips-attractive checks were evaluated for IYS susceptibility for two years. Thrips numbers, leaf counts, IYS severity, and bulb yield parameters were assessed several times after transplanting. The NMSU lines exhibited lower thrips populations, delaying IYS symptom expression compared to the check cultivars. Additionally, NMSU lines produced larger onion bulbs, suggesting a reduced IYS impact on yield. This research will help in developing FBR-resistant and IYS-tolerant cultivars in the future which offer an eco-friendly and cost-effective disease management strategy.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2024
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Plant sciences. $3 1179743
650 4 $a Horticulture. $3 1058420
650 4 $a Plant pathology. $3 1183408
653 $a Allium
653 $a Antifungal saponins
653 $a Disease resistance
653 $a Fusarium species
653 $a Iris yellow spot virus
653 $a Single nucleotide polymorphisms
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0479
690 $a 0471
690 $a 0480
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a New Mexico State University. $b Plant and Environmental Sciences. $3 1437702
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 85-12B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31242910 $z click for full text (PQDT)