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Zwitterion Polymer Functionalized Membranes for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals Materials in Water.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Zwitterion Polymer Functionalized Membranes for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals Materials in Water./
Author:	Gaxela, Nelisa Ncumisa.
Description:	1 online resource (109 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International83-07B.
Subject:	Dyes. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798762145756

Zwitterion Polymer Functionalized Membranes for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals Materials in Water.
Gaxela, Nelisa Ncumisa.

Zwitterion Polymer Functionalized Membranes for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals Materials in Water. - 1 online resource (109 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 83-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Johannesburg (South Africa), 2020.

Includes bibliographical references

Water pollution is one of the challenges that affect the environment issues on earth as it comprises of different kinds of pollutants. Toxic dyes and heavy metals are one of the major pollutants that are being discharged to the environment if they are not well treated. Consuming these wastes result in health hazards that may even be fatal after some time. Removal of these pollutants via adsorption and membrane filtration is cost effective and environmentally benign. Polymer membranes are good bases for making membranes due to their unique properties like excellent aging resistance, good chemical resistance, thermal stability and high mechanical strength. Their hydrophobic nature however succumbs them to fouling as a result of pollutants forming a cake layer on the surface and being trapped inside the pores of the membrane. Permeate flux, solute rejection and flux recovery become affected a decrease in the membrane's performance and efficiency. Zwitterionic polymers poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene-N,N-dimethylenediamine) p(MAO-DMEA) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals and poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene-3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine) p(MAO-DMPA) was used to enhance high dye and metal rejection, and antifouling properties in the membranes.The aim of this project was to synthesize the two zwitterionic polymers and apply them in enhancing the treatment of water containing dye and heavy radioactive metals The p(MAO-DMEA) powder was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) in water. Central composite design was used to optimize the effect of mass and sample pH on the adsorption of Cd(II). The significance of the independent factors was examined using multivariate approach. The analysis of variance was used to investigate the effect and interactive effect of the selected factors. The ANOVA results in the form of a Pareto chart were used to assist in the visualization of the most significant effects on the adsorption of Cd(II). The optimization results showed that sample pH was the most significant parameter at 95% confidence level as it tends to influence the chemical speciation of Cd(II) in solution, the density of surface charge on the adsorbent as well as ionizations of functional groups. Four isotherm models namely, Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson (R-P) and Sips were used to understand the type of adsorption and to evaluate the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax). The data best fitted Langmuir isotherm model with high coefficient of determination compared to Freundlich. Therefore, monolayer adsorption is assumed with non-interaction between the adsorbed molecules. The adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm model is 13.55 (mg g−1). Kinetic studies assist in describing the time required for adsorption process, and both linear and non-linear forms were used to understand the adsorption mechanism. The amount of Cd(II) adsorbed increased with increasing time until it reached equilibrium with gradual decrease in adsorption performance. The adsorption of Cd(II) was better fitted to the nonlinear pseudo-second-order model due to the high coefficient of determination of 0.9963. Elovich model showed that the uptake speed constant (α) value was higher than the adsorption speed constant (β) indicating that the adsorbent can be applicable for the removal of micro pollutants.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798762145756Subjects--Topical Terms:

1477664
Dyes.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Zwitterion Polymer Functionalized Membranes for the Removal of Dyes and Heavy Metals Materials in Water.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Johannesburg (South Africa), 2020.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Water pollution is one of the challenges that affect the environment issues on earth as it comprises of different kinds of pollutants. Toxic dyes and heavy metals are one of the major pollutants that are being discharged to the environment if they are not well treated. Consuming these wastes result in health hazards that may even be fatal after some time. Removal of these pollutants via adsorption and membrane filtration is cost effective and environmentally benign. Polymer membranes are good bases for making membranes due to their unique properties like excellent aging resistance, good chemical resistance, thermal stability and high mechanical strength. Their hydrophobic nature however succumbs them to fouling as a result of pollutants forming a cake layer on the surface and being trapped inside the pores of the membrane. Permeate flux, solute rejection and flux recovery become affected a decrease in the membrane's performance and efficiency. Zwitterionic polymers poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene-N,N-dimethylenediamine) p(MAO-DMEA) was used as an adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals and poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene-3-(dimethylamino)-1-propylamine) p(MAO-DMPA) was used to enhance high dye and metal rejection, and antifouling properties in the membranes.The aim of this project was to synthesize the two zwitterionic polymers and apply them in enhancing the treatment of water containing dye and heavy radioactive metals The p(MAO-DMEA) powder was used as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) in water. Central composite design was used to optimize the effect of mass and sample pH on the adsorption of Cd(II). The significance of the independent factors was examined using multivariate approach. The analysis of variance was used to investigate the effect and interactive effect of the selected factors. The ANOVA results in the form of a Pareto chart were used to assist in the visualization of the most significant effects on the adsorption of Cd(II). The optimization results showed that sample pH was the most significant parameter at 95% confidence level as it tends to influence the chemical speciation of Cd(II) in solution, the density of surface charge on the adsorbent as well as ionizations of functional groups. Four isotherm models namely, Langmuir, Freundlich, Redlich-Peterson (R-P) and Sips were used to understand the type of adsorption and to evaluate the maximum adsorption capacity (qmax). The data best fitted Langmuir isotherm model with high coefficient of determination compared to Freundlich. Therefore, monolayer adsorption is assumed with non-interaction between the adsorbed molecules. The adsorption capacity obtained from Langmuir isotherm model is 13.55 (mg g−1). Kinetic studies assist in describing the time required for adsorption process, and both linear and non-linear forms were used to understand the adsorption mechanism. The amount of Cd(II) adsorbed increased with increasing time until it reached equilibrium with gradual decrease in adsorption performance. The adsorption of Cd(II) was better fitted to the nonlinear pseudo-second-order model due to the high coefficient of determination of 0.9963. Elovich model showed that the uptake speed constant (α) value was higher than the adsorption speed constant (β) indicating that the adsorbent can be applicable for the removal of micro pollutants.
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650 4 $a Polymers. $3 561233
650 4 $a Pollutants. $3 568170
650 4 $a Biofilms. $3 676933
650 4 $a Adsorbents. $3 1437785
650 4 $a Water treatment. $3 1413675
650 4 $a Carbon. $3 557161
650 4 $a Chemical oxygen demand. $3 1473526
650 4 $a Cadmium. $3 1437681
650 4 $a Polymerization. $3 673534
650 4 $a Heavy metals. $3 905028
650 4 $a Adsorption. $3 867181
650 4 $a Water pollution. $3 1253564
650 4 $a Copolymers. $3 815863
650 4 $a Desalination. $3 1372617
650 4 $a Kinetics. $3 811965
650 4 $a Fluorides. $3 901712
650 4 $a Contact angle. $3 1049700
650 4 $a Polyethylene glycol. $3 792155
650 4 $a Variance analysis. $3 1157168
650 4 $a Agricultural pollution. $3 555120
650 4 $a Proteins. $3 584006
650 4 $a Finance. $3 559073
650 4 $a Physics. $3 564049
650 4 $a Plastics. $3 563477
650 4 $a Polymer chemistry. $3 1182163
650 4 $a Hypotheses. $3 1372657
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