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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Surface Chemistry and Incorporation with Polypropylene.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Surface Chemistry and Incorporation with Polypropylene./
Author:	Grimm, Owen C.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2020,
Description:	85 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-03, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International82-03B.
Subject:	Physical chemistry. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=28030009
ISBN:	9798664794823

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Surface Chemistry and Incorporation with Polypropylene.
Grimm, Owen C.

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Surface Chemistry and Incorporation with Polypropylene. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2020 - 85 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-03, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Massachusetts Lowell, 2020.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

This dissertation investigates two aspects of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs): their surface chemistry and their adhesion to polymers, towards the creation of a ZnO-polymer composite for chemical sensing and possible catalytic applications.Using 2-naphthalenethiol (NPT) as a fluorescent probe of adsorption, it was discovered that of 13 metal oxides NPs investigated, only In2O3, TiO2, and ZnO adsorb thiols, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies using methanethiol (MT).In the second part of this thesis, techniques such as DRIFTS, XPS, and TPD were used to study surface adsorption and desorption on ZnO NPs, particularly before or after water exposure. Diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) showed that methanol adsorption is impeded on ZnO NPs by prior exposure to water vapor, but methanol can adsorb onto heat cleaned ZnO NPs. Exposure to water vapor was shown to remove adsorbed methanol. DRIFTS and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) clearly demonstrate that heating causes adsorbed methanol to convert to formate before desorbing as hydrogen and carbon dioxide. MT exposed ZnO, In2O3, and TiO2 NPs were also analyzed by TPD to show that MT may replace surface OH groups on adsorption. XPS was also used to attempt to confirm the results of these studies. Additionally, MT, CO2, and SO2 exposed ZnO NPs were studied using TDS to determine their exposure on surface hydroxyl and carbon containing groups native to the surface.In the final section of this thesis, methods of oxidizing polymer surfaces were explored to increase the adhesion of ZnO NPs and to promote the surface segregation of ZnO NPs. ZnO adhesion to polypropylene (PP) after various chemical treatments was studied using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM), XPS, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chromic acid treatment, ozone exposure, and heating in air were all shown by XPS to increase the amount of oxygen on PP surfaces. Using AFM force- distance curves, the chromic acid and ozone treatments were found to increase the adhesion of ZnO NPs to PP by similar amounts. While ozone and plasma treatments were shown to facilitate adhesion of ZnO NPs to PP fibers by SEM, damage to the surface was observed at long exposure times. Treating PP films with chromic acid or plasma treatment was shown to facilitate ZnO NP segregation to the surface using XPS. The driving force for increased adhesion is believed to be changes in the free energy of the polymer surface by addition of polar surface groups.

ISBN: 9798664794823Subjects--Topical Terms:

1148725
Physical chemistry.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Zinc oxide nanoparticles

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles: Surface Chemistry and Incorporation with Polypropylene.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 82-03, Section: B.
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520 $a This dissertation investigates two aspects of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs): their surface chemistry and their adhesion to polymers, towards the creation of a ZnO-polymer composite for chemical sensing and possible catalytic applications.Using 2-naphthalenethiol (NPT) as a fluorescent probe of adsorption, it was discovered that of 13 metal oxides NPs investigated, only In2O3, TiO2, and ZnO adsorb thiols, which was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies using methanethiol (MT).In the second part of this thesis, techniques such as DRIFTS, XPS, and TPD were used to study surface adsorption and desorption on ZnO NPs, particularly before or after water exposure. Diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy (DRIFTS) showed that methanol adsorption is impeded on ZnO NPs by prior exposure to water vapor, but methanol can adsorb onto heat cleaned ZnO NPs. Exposure to water vapor was shown to remove adsorbed methanol. DRIFTS and temperature programmed desorption (TPD) clearly demonstrate that heating causes adsorbed methanol to convert to formate before desorbing as hydrogen and carbon dioxide. MT exposed ZnO, In2O3, and TiO2 NPs were also analyzed by TPD to show that MT may replace surface OH groups on adsorption. XPS was also used to attempt to confirm the results of these studies. Additionally, MT, CO2, and SO2 exposed ZnO NPs were studied using TDS to determine their exposure on surface hydroxyl and carbon containing groups native to the surface.In the final section of this thesis, methods of oxidizing polymer surfaces were explored to increase the adhesion of ZnO NPs and to promote the surface segregation of ZnO NPs. ZnO adhesion to polypropylene (PP) after various chemical treatments was studied using colloidal probe atomic force microscopy (AFM), XPS, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chromic acid treatment, ozone exposure, and heating in air were all shown by XPS to increase the amount of oxygen on PP surfaces. Using AFM force- distance curves, the chromic acid and ozone treatments were found to increase the adhesion of ZnO NPs to PP by similar amounts. While ozone and plasma treatments were shown to facilitate adhesion of ZnO NPs to PP fibers by SEM, damage to the surface was observed at long exposure times. Treating PP films with chromic acid or plasma treatment was shown to facilitate ZnO NP segregation to the surface using XPS. The driving force for increased adhesion is believed to be changes in the free energy of the polymer surface by addition of polar surface groups.
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