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Functional Characterization of Genes Involved in Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Functional Characterization of Genes Involved in Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae./
Author:	Thaker, Akhil.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2022,
Description:	189 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-07B.
Subject:	Microbiology. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30246541
ISBN:	9798368431635

Functional Characterization of Genes Involved in Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.
Thaker, Akhil.

Functional Characterization of Genes Involved in Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2022 - 189 p.

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (India), 2022.

This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.

Plant cell wall acts as a primary barrier for microbial pathogens during infection. A cell wall degrading enzyme (CWDE) thus may be a crucial virulence factor, as it may aid the pathogen in successful host invasion. In the genome of the cereal-blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, nine genes coding for feruloyl esterases (Fae) likely involved in plant cell wall degradation have been identified. However, role of any Fae in pathogenicity of M. oryzae remains hitherto under explored. Feruloyl esterases (Fae), a subclass of carboxylic acid esterases, are group of enzymes that hydrolyses ester bonds between ferulic acid and the xylan and pectin polymers in the plant cell wall, to release the polysaccharide and ferulic acid. In silico analysis show that seven out of nine Fae in M. oryzae contains a conventional secretory signal peptide. Interestingly, components of the rice leaf extract induced the overall extracellular Fae activity (> 5-fold) as compared to the untreated culture. Moreover, FAE genes show differential expression in response to the plant cell wall components, with majority of them accumulating >1.5-fold. However, the transcript levels of majority of the FAEs show upregulation at different phases of pathogenic life cycle. Importantly, FAE1 gene (MGG_08737) was significantly upregulated during host penetration and subsequent colonisation stages of infection. While FAE1 deletion did not affect the vegetative growth and asexual development, the fae1Δ mutant showed significantly reduced pathogenesis on rice plants, mainly due to impaired host invasion and colonisation. Very few (<10%) fae1Δ appressoria that formed the primary invasive hyphae, failed to elaborate from the first invaded cell to the neighboring plant cells. Interestingly, exogenously added glucose, as a simple carbon source, or ferulic acid, a product of the Fae activity, significantly supported the invasive growth of the fae1Δ mutant. Altogether, these shows that Fae1-based feruloyl esterase activity, by targeting the plant cell wall, plays an important role in accumulating ferulic acid and/or sugar molecules, as a likely energy source, to enable host invasion and colonisation by M. oryzae. Given its role in plant cell wall digestion and host colonisation, M. oryzae Fae1 could be explored as a potential target for a novel antifungal strategy and also for biotechnological application in biofuel production.

ISBN: 9798368431635Subjects--Topical Terms:

591510
Microbiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Fungus

Functional Characterization of Genes Involved in Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.
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245 1 0 $a Functional Characterization of Genes Involved in Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.
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300 $a 189 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-07, Section: B.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda (India), 2022.
506 $a This item must not be sold to any third party vendors.
520 $a Plant cell wall acts as a primary barrier for microbial pathogens during infection. A cell wall degrading enzyme (CWDE) thus may be a crucial virulence factor, as it may aid the pathogen in successful host invasion. In the genome of the cereal-blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, nine genes coding for feruloyl esterases (Fae) likely involved in plant cell wall degradation have been identified. However, role of any Fae in pathogenicity of M. oryzae remains hitherto under explored. Feruloyl esterases (Fae), a subclass of carboxylic acid esterases, are group of enzymes that hydrolyses ester bonds between ferulic acid and the xylan and pectin polymers in the plant cell wall, to release the polysaccharide and ferulic acid. In silico analysis show that seven out of nine Fae in M. oryzae contains a conventional secretory signal peptide. Interestingly, components of the rice leaf extract induced the overall extracellular Fae activity (> 5-fold) as compared to the untreated culture. Moreover, FAE genes show differential expression in response to the plant cell wall components, with majority of them accumulating >1.5-fold. However, the transcript levels of majority of the FAEs show upregulation at different phases of pathogenic life cycle. Importantly, FAE1 gene (MGG_08737) was significantly upregulated during host penetration and subsequent colonisation stages of infection. While FAE1 deletion did not affect the vegetative growth and asexual development, the fae1Δ mutant showed significantly reduced pathogenesis on rice plants, mainly due to impaired host invasion and colonisation. Very few (<10%) fae1Δ appressoria that formed the primary invasive hyphae, failed to elaborate from the first invaded cell to the neighboring plant cells. Interestingly, exogenously added glucose, as a simple carbon source, or ferulic acid, a product of the Fae activity, significantly supported the invasive growth of the fae1Δ mutant. Altogether, these shows that Fae1-based feruloyl esterase activity, by targeting the plant cell wall, plays an important role in accumulating ferulic acid and/or sugar molecules, as a likely energy source, to enable host invasion and colonisation by M. oryzae. Given its role in plant cell wall digestion and host colonisation, M. oryzae Fae1 could be explored as a potential target for a novel antifungal strategy and also for biotechnological application in biofuel production.
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