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Physiological, Immunological, Microbiological, and Molecular Responses of Sea Urchin Exposed to Physical and Chemical Stressors.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Physiological, Immunological, Microbiological, and Molecular Responses of Sea Urchin Exposed to Physical and Chemical Stressors./
Author:	Fahim, Nahian Fyrose.
Description:	1 online resource (95 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-03.
Subject:	Aquaculture. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798380321495

Physiological, Immunological, Microbiological, and Molecular Responses of Sea Urchin Exposed to Physical and Chemical Stressors.
Fahim, Nahian Fyrose.

Physiological, Immunological, Microbiological, and Molecular Responses of Sea Urchin Exposed to Physical and Chemical Stressors. - 1 online resource (95 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--Purdue University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Sea urchins are fascinating marine creatures belonging to the phylum Echinodermata that serve as an essential ecological component and hold promise as a prospective source of therapeutics. However, sudden environmental changes, such as global warming and marine pollution, are placing significant stress on these organisms. To maintain natural resources and exploit sea urchins commercially, researchers are investigating aquaculture as a solution.This investigation discloses the physiological and immunological effects of physical and chemical stressors on one of the most common edible species of sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata.The study employed an elevated temperature as a physical stressor (1°C/day), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) inoculation as a chemical stressor (4µg/ml/day), and a combination of both LPS and elevated temperature as combined stressors. The results demonstrated a significant alteration in the total and differential coelomocyte count in the LPS-stressed group (p<0.05) and combined stressed group (p<0.05) followed by abnormal behavioral activity compared to those of control. Additionally, exposure to acute LPS exposure (at day 1 and day 3) and combined stressors led to an increase in phagocytic capacity (p<0.05) and lysozyme activity (p<0.05). Chronic exposure to LPS and combined stressors resulted in a decrease in gonadosomatic index (p<0.05, at day 10) and lysozyme activity (at day 7). A significant increase in coelomic fluid (CF) protein (p<0.05)was observed in the temperature-stressed group on days 5 and 10, while the combined stressed group had significantly more CF protein on days 1, 5, 7, and 10. An upregulation of Nf-kB gene expression was also observed (p>0.05) in temperature stressed group.The study also revealed that sea urchins contain bioactive compounds that protect against external and internal injury, cell death, and body wall extract of sea urchin exhibited high antioxidant activity(p<0.05). Furthermore, it confirmed the antibacterial activity (p<0.05) of sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata and Lytechinus variegatus) body wall and coelomic fluid (cell-free plasma) extracts against ten pathogenic bacteria. The ethyl acetate body wall extract of both sea urchin species demonstrated higher inhibitory activity against the pathogenic bacteria tested. Overall sea urchin has potentials to meet the demand of food and medicine.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798380321495Subjects--Topical Terms:

768589
Aquaculture.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Physiological, Immunological, Microbiological, and Molecular Responses of Sea Urchin Exposed to Physical and Chemical Stressors.
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245 1 0 $a Physiological, Immunological, Microbiological, and Molecular Responses of Sea Urchin Exposed to Physical and Chemical Stressors.
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500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-03.
502 $a Thesis (M.Sc.)--Purdue University, 2023.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Sea urchins are fascinating marine creatures belonging to the phylum Echinodermata that serve as an essential ecological component and hold promise as a prospective source of therapeutics. However, sudden environmental changes, such as global warming and marine pollution, are placing significant stress on these organisms. To maintain natural resources and exploit sea urchins commercially, researchers are investigating aquaculture as a solution.This investigation discloses the physiological and immunological effects of physical and chemical stressors on one of the most common edible species of sea urchin, Arbacia punctulata.The study employed an elevated temperature as a physical stressor (1°C/day), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) inoculation as a chemical stressor (4µg/ml/day), and a combination of both LPS and elevated temperature as combined stressors. The results demonstrated a significant alteration in the total and differential coelomocyte count in the LPS-stressed group (p<0.05) and combined stressed group (p<0.05) followed by abnormal behavioral activity compared to those of control. Additionally, exposure to acute LPS exposure (at day 1 and day 3) and combined stressors led to an increase in phagocytic capacity (p<0.05) and lysozyme activity (p<0.05). Chronic exposure to LPS and combined stressors resulted in a decrease in gonadosomatic index (p<0.05, at day 10) and lysozyme activity (at day 7). A significant increase in coelomic fluid (CF) protein (p<0.05)was observed in the temperature-stressed group on days 5 and 10, while the combined stressed group had significantly more CF protein on days 1, 5, 7, and 10. An upregulation of Nf-kB gene expression was also observed (p>0.05) in temperature stressed group.The study also revealed that sea urchins contain bioactive compounds that protect against external and internal injury, cell death, and body wall extract of sea urchin exhibited high antioxidant activity(p<0.05). Furthermore, it confirmed the antibacterial activity (p<0.05) of sea urchin (Arbacia punctulata and Lytechinus variegatus) body wall and coelomic fluid (cell-free plasma) extracts against ten pathogenic bacteria. The ethyl acetate body wall extract of both sea urchin species demonstrated higher inhibitory activity against the pathogenic bacteria tested. Overall sea urchin has potentials to meet the demand of food and medicine.
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650 4 $a Behavior. $3 582559
650 4 $a Pollutants. $3 568170
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650 4 $a Marine biology. $3 655368
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650 4 $a Food chains. $3 1465236
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650 4 $a Salinity. $3 908831
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