國立虎尾科技大學 |

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens./
Author:	Rojas, Camilo Humberto Parada.
Description:	1 online resource (203 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12B.
Subject:	Infections. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379653309

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens.
Rojas, Camilo Humberto Parada.

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens. - 1 online resource (203 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

In the United States (U.S.) vegetable production continues to flourish with growers planting larger acreage of vegetable crops every year due to high demand nationally and internationally. However, many vegetable crops exist under emerging or re-emerging soilborne pathogens threats. Plant pathogens persistence in the soil can lead to disease outbreaks occurring year after year if left unmanaged. This can increase production costs and force farmers to rotate to less profitable crops or abandon production fields, resulting in a negative economic impact. Utilizing an integrated approach to combat growing pathogen threats remains key for economic viability of vegetable crops. To manage plant diseases, we rely on effective chemical, biological, and cultural practices. After millennia, the most sought-after cultural practice continues to be host resistance. Today, realizing durable host resistance requires in depth knowledge of both plant immunity and pathogen populations. Considerable knowledge exists on mechanism of plant immunity for model pathosystems, however very little has been translated to orphan crops. With the advent of climate change, careful monitoring of local pathogen populations and improved understanding of pathogen virulence factors become ever more important. Thus, this dissertation aimed at improving the knowledge of pathogen biology, vegetable host susceptibility, and investigated a well-known plant immunity protein family in a non-model vegetable crop.In Chapter 1, I summarize the history of sweetpotato and one of its most devastating pathogens, the soilborne fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata. I recapped the current knowledge of sweetpotato immunity and efforts to improve genome annotations of key plant intracellular immune receptors.In Chapter 2, I began with an effort to screen 40+ cultivars of sweetpotato (including historical and wild relative accessions) against C. fimbriata in greenhouse and field trials. Although these trials did not result in the identification of resistant cultivars, we determined that, in greenhouse trails, smaller (younger) sweetpotato storage roots in greenhouse trials appeared to have more lesions compared to larger (older) roots. This observation led us to design and conduct experiments to study black rot lesion sizes of different grades (as a proxy for age) of sweetpotato. Our findings led us to the discovery that smaller sweetpotatoes are more susceptible to black rot, a case of age-related resistance. This research has directly informed current sweetpotato trials to identify effective fungicides for post-transplant applications.To successfully colonize plant hosts and suppress plant defenses, pathogens evolved a battery of proteins known as effectors. Pathogen effectors constitute another tool in the toolbox to aid in the discovery of host resistance, via "effector assisted breeding". Chapter 3 is dedicated to improve our understanding of C. fimbriata biology by characterizing transcriptional induction of effectors during early stages of infection. We identified a number of predicted effector proteins that provides insight into C. fimbriata infection mechanisms and represent a repertoire to implement effector assisted breeding in sweetpotato.o. In Chapter 4, I applied RenSeq in sweetpotato, a recently developed method to catalog plant immune receptors (NLRs) in plant genomes. We identified NLR loci coordinates within the sweetpotato genome and demonstrated that RenSeq can advance our understanding of resistance and reveal NLR diversity in other orphan polyploid crops. Overall, this dissertation provides 1) new insights into sweetpotato susceptibility to C. fimbriata, 2) a robust set of effectors and NLR annotations that will help accelerate resistance breeding in sweetpotato.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379653309Subjects--Topical Terms:

882242
Infections.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Improving Knowledge of Host Resistance Against Soilborne Vegetable Pathogens.
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520 $a In the United States (U.S.) vegetable production continues to flourish with growers planting larger acreage of vegetable crops every year due to high demand nationally and internationally. However, many vegetable crops exist under emerging or re-emerging soilborne pathogens threats. Plant pathogens persistence in the soil can lead to disease outbreaks occurring year after year if left unmanaged. This can increase production costs and force farmers to rotate to less profitable crops or abandon production fields, resulting in a negative economic impact. Utilizing an integrated approach to combat growing pathogen threats remains key for economic viability of vegetable crops. To manage plant diseases, we rely on effective chemical, biological, and cultural practices. After millennia, the most sought-after cultural practice continues to be host resistance. Today, realizing durable host resistance requires in depth knowledge of both plant immunity and pathogen populations. Considerable knowledge exists on mechanism of plant immunity for model pathosystems, however very little has been translated to orphan crops. With the advent of climate change, careful monitoring of local pathogen populations and improved understanding of pathogen virulence factors become ever more important. Thus, this dissertation aimed at improving the knowledge of pathogen biology, vegetable host susceptibility, and investigated a well-known plant immunity protein family in a non-model vegetable crop.In Chapter 1, I summarize the history of sweetpotato and one of its most devastating pathogens, the soilborne fungus Ceratocystis fimbriata. I recapped the current knowledge of sweetpotato immunity and efforts to improve genome annotations of key plant intracellular immune receptors.In Chapter 2, I began with an effort to screen 40+ cultivars of sweetpotato (including historical and wild relative accessions) against C. fimbriata in greenhouse and field trials. Although these trials did not result in the identification of resistant cultivars, we determined that, in greenhouse trails, smaller (younger) sweetpotato storage roots in greenhouse trials appeared to have more lesions compared to larger (older) roots. This observation led us to design and conduct experiments to study black rot lesion sizes of different grades (as a proxy for age) of sweetpotato. Our findings led us to the discovery that smaller sweetpotatoes are more susceptible to black rot, a case of age-related resistance. This research has directly informed current sweetpotato trials to identify effective fungicides for post-transplant applications.To successfully colonize plant hosts and suppress plant defenses, pathogens evolved a battery of proteins known as effectors. Pathogen effectors constitute another tool in the toolbox to aid in the discovery of host resistance, via "effector assisted breeding". Chapter 3 is dedicated to improve our understanding of C. fimbriata biology by characterizing transcriptional induction of effectors during early stages of infection. We identified a number of predicted effector proteins that provides insight into C. fimbriata infection mechanisms and represent a repertoire to implement effector assisted breeding in sweetpotato.o. In Chapter 4, I applied RenSeq in sweetpotato, a recently developed method to catalog plant immune receptors (NLRs) in plant genomes. We identified NLR loci coordinates within the sweetpotato genome and demonstrated that RenSeq can advance our understanding of resistance and reveal NLR diversity in other orphan polyploid crops. Overall, this dissertation provides 1) new insights into sweetpotato susceptibility to C. fimbriata, 2) a robust set of effectors and NLR annotations that will help accelerate resistance breeding in sweetpotato.
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