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Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies : = Sino-Japanese Competition and Coordination in Cold War Asia, 1950-1972 = Yi you yi di : leng zhan shi qi Zhong Ri liang guo zai Ya Zhou de jing zheng yu xie tiao, 1950-1972.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies :/
Reminder of title:	Sino-Japanese Competition and Coordination in Cold War Asia, 1950-1972 = Yi you yi di : leng zhan shi qi Zhong Ri liang guo zai Ya Zhou de jing zheng yu xie tiao, 1950-1972.
remainder title:	Yi you yi di :
Author:	Wu, Bohao.
Description:	1 online resource (439 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12A.
Subject:	History. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379611224

Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies : = Sino-Japanese Competition and Coordination in Cold War Asia, 1950-1972 = Yi you yi di : leng zhan shi qi Zhong Ri liang guo zai Ya Zhou de jing zheng yu xie tiao, 1950-1972.
Wu, Bohao.

Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies :Sino-Japanese Competition and Coordination in Cold War Asia, 1950-1972 = Yi you yi di : leng zhan shi qi Zhong Ri liang guo zai Ya Zhou de jing zheng yu xie tiao, 1950-1972.Yi you yi di :leng zhan shi qi Zhong Ri liang guo zai Ya Zhou de jing zheng yu xie tiao, 1950-1972 - 1 online resource (439 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

The two decades between the founding of the People's Republic of China and its diplomatic normalization with Japan presented unique challenges and opportunities to countries throughout the region. On the one hand, Beijing and Tokyo's commitment to economic collaboration - both with each other and with countries in Southeast Asia - provided dynamism for economic regionalization in postwar Asia, enabling technology transfer, joint ventures, and international trade across borders. On the other hand, Cold War realities also prompted competition for economic leadership between China, Japan, and the United States, each implementing its political agenda and economic blueprint for the region. As a result, this period witnessed complicated patterns in both Sino-Japanese and U.S-Japan relations, featuring both uneasy friendships and ambiguous competition from the 1950s to the 1970s.Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies examines these relations and offer a review of factors contributing to the making of them through the lens of economic diplomacy. This dissertation argues that the question of economic regionalization played a crucial role in the Asian policies of China, Japan, and the United States. For Japan, the pursuit of economic regionalization and Japan's leadership position were constantly on the minds of Japanese leaders in both the business world and the political establishment. Japan's political establishment joined forces with business elites to conduct diplomatic maneuvers to incorporate China and Southeast Asia into Japan's agenda to form an economic bloc with Tokyo at its center. Similarly, Beijing's need to break the embargo and diplomatic isolation prompted China to mobilize its diplomats and traders and seek connections with the rest of Asia through trade with Japan and economic aid to Southeast Asia. As a result, the Sino-Japanese relationship was complicated by a dilemma for Japanese decision-makers regarding their hope for Beijing's participation in the Japan-led economic regionalization and their concern for China's challenge to Japan's potential leadership - both political and economic - in Asia. The two countries' competitions in Indonesia, Burma, and Cambodia spoke to both sides' skepticism about the other's regional agenda, causing constant interruptions to the cooperation between the two countries.Similarly, Sino-Japanese interactions related to Southeast Asia also contributed to Washington's Asian policies and U.S-Japan relations. This dissertation argues that the United States was unenthusiastic in facilitating multilateral economic cooperation in the region, whether from its ally, Japan, from countries in the region, or its ideological adversaries in Beijing and Moscow. Tokyo, in turn, became frustrated by Washington's reluctance to support its economic collaboration projects and created bilateral economic assistance projects with regimes that were disapproved of by the Americans. In this way, the relationship between Japan and the United States at that time resembled an uneasy friendship in which frequent disagreements prevented the two countries from forming meaningful cooperation to facilitate economic liberalization in Cold War Asia.This dissertation also explores how economic initiatives - traders, economic organizations, enterprises, and industrialists - contributed to such diplomacy during the Cold War. These organizations acted as governments' proxies and fulfilled contracts negotiated by economic technocrats; they also took the initiative to survey potential collaboration opportunities, propose blueprints for industrial projects, and participate in intragovernmental trade talks. Entrepreneurs' involvement in the governments' geopolitical power play enabled them to influence policy-making processes. In some cases, entrepreneurs even took the initiative to protect their interests and pressured governments to act on their terms. This dissertation shows that when Beijing needed assistance for economic expansion, overseas Chinese merchants bargained and secured preferential terms for trade. Some Chinese merchants even used their relationship with Beijing to help their economic standing and boost their leadership in the local community. In the case of Japan, industrialists not only took the liberty of putting their agenda for economic cooperation forward to the government but also exerted pressure on the government to accept their proposals.Highlighting the various roles that entrepreneurs played in economic diplomacy at that time, this dissertation also suggests a new perspective on Cold War power dynamics. Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies contends that it is possible to build an alternate narrative of the Cold War focused on how the division between ideological camps also generated the need to unite the fragmented region and establish meaningful connections that served the interests of both sides. Therefore, it is possible to view the Cold War as an epoch of opportunities to forge unlikely friendships through shared ideals for economic prosperity and regional solidarity.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379611224Subjects--Topical Terms:

669538
History.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Cold WarIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies : = Sino-Japanese Competition and Coordination in Cold War Asia, 1950-1972 = Yi you yi di : leng zhan shi qi Zhong Ri liang guo zai Ya Zhou de jing zheng yu xie tiao, 1950-1972.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
500 $a Advisor: Gordon, Andrew.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Harvard University, 2023.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The two decades between the founding of the People's Republic of China and its diplomatic normalization with Japan presented unique challenges and opportunities to countries throughout the region. On the one hand, Beijing and Tokyo's commitment to economic collaboration - both with each other and with countries in Southeast Asia - provided dynamism for economic regionalization in postwar Asia, enabling technology transfer, joint ventures, and international trade across borders. On the other hand, Cold War realities also prompted competition for economic leadership between China, Japan, and the United States, each implementing its political agenda and economic blueprint for the region. As a result, this period witnessed complicated patterns in both Sino-Japanese and U.S-Japan relations, featuring both uneasy friendships and ambiguous competition from the 1950s to the 1970s.Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies examines these relations and offer a review of factors contributing to the making of them through the lens of economic diplomacy. This dissertation argues that the question of economic regionalization played a crucial role in the Asian policies of China, Japan, and the United States. For Japan, the pursuit of economic regionalization and Japan's leadership position were constantly on the minds of Japanese leaders in both the business world and the political establishment. Japan's political establishment joined forces with business elites to conduct diplomatic maneuvers to incorporate China and Southeast Asia into Japan's agenda to form an economic bloc with Tokyo at its center. Similarly, Beijing's need to break the embargo and diplomatic isolation prompted China to mobilize its diplomats and traders and seek connections with the rest of Asia through trade with Japan and economic aid to Southeast Asia. As a result, the Sino-Japanese relationship was complicated by a dilemma for Japanese decision-makers regarding their hope for Beijing's participation in the Japan-led economic regionalization and their concern for China's challenge to Japan's potential leadership - both political and economic - in Asia. The two countries' competitions in Indonesia, Burma, and Cambodia spoke to both sides' skepticism about the other's regional agenda, causing constant interruptions to the cooperation between the two countries.Similarly, Sino-Japanese interactions related to Southeast Asia also contributed to Washington's Asian policies and U.S-Japan relations. This dissertation argues that the United States was unenthusiastic in facilitating multilateral economic cooperation in the region, whether from its ally, Japan, from countries in the region, or its ideological adversaries in Beijing and Moscow. Tokyo, in turn, became frustrated by Washington's reluctance to support its economic collaboration projects and created bilateral economic assistance projects with regimes that were disapproved of by the Americans. In this way, the relationship between Japan and the United States at that time resembled an uneasy friendship in which frequent disagreements prevented the two countries from forming meaningful cooperation to facilitate economic liberalization in Cold War Asia.This dissertation also explores how economic initiatives - traders, economic organizations, enterprises, and industrialists - contributed to such diplomacy during the Cold War. These organizations acted as governments' proxies and fulfilled contracts negotiated by economic technocrats; they also took the initiative to survey potential collaboration opportunities, propose blueprints for industrial projects, and participate in intragovernmental trade talks. Entrepreneurs' involvement in the governments' geopolitical power play enabled them to influence policy-making processes. In some cases, entrepreneurs even took the initiative to protect their interests and pressured governments to act on their terms. This dissertation shows that when Beijing needed assistance for economic expansion, overseas Chinese merchants bargained and secured preferential terms for trade. Some Chinese merchants even used their relationship with Beijing to help their economic standing and boost their leadership in the local community. In the case of Japan, industrialists not only took the liberty of putting their agenda for economic cooperation forward to the government but also exerted pressure on the government to accept their proposals.Highlighting the various roles that entrepreneurs played in economic diplomacy at that time, this dissertation also suggests a new perspective on Cold War power dynamics. Uneasy Friends and Convenient Enemies contends that it is possible to build an alternate narrative of the Cold War focused on how the division between ideological camps also generated the need to unite the fragmented region and establish meaningful connections that served the interests of both sides. Therefore, it is possible to view the Cold War as an epoch of opportunities to forge unlikely friendships through shared ideals for economic prosperity and regional solidarity.
520 $a 从中华人民共和国成立到与日本外交正常化之间的二十年间，中日两国之间的外交互动给亚洲地区的国家带来了一系列独特的挑战和机遇。一方面，北京和东京在对外经济合作方面的承诺--无论是两国间的还是各自与东南亚国家之间的--为战后亚洲的经济区域化提供了动力。另一方面，冷战地缘政治斗争也促使中国、日本和美国争夺在亚洲地区的话语权，并通过各自的经济外交手段达成其政治目的。因此，这一时期的中日关系和美日关系都展现了复杂的格局。从20世纪50年代到70年代，既有这着充满怀疑的友谊，也有着暧昧的竞争。有鉴于此，本论文研究了这些关系，并通过经济外交的视角对促成这些关系的因素进行了回顾。这篇论文认为，亚洲地区的经济区域化议题在中国、日本和美国的亚洲政策制定过程中发挥了关键作用。对日本来说，追求经济区域化和日本在其中的领导地位一直是日本产业界和政治领袖的核心议题。在战后的二十年间，日本的政治决策层与商业精英联手，试图将中国和东南亚纳入日本主导的经济扩张浪潮之中，从而形成以东京为中心的区域经济体系。同时，北京出于打破禁运和外交孤立的需要，通过与日本的贸易和对东南亚的经济援助，寻求加深与亚洲其他国家的联系。在这个过程中，中日关系因日本决策者所面临的两难处境而变得复杂，他们既希望北京参与日本主导的经济区域化，又担心中国挑战日本在亚洲的潜在领导地位（包括政治和经济）。两国在印尼、缅甸和柬埔寨的竞争说明了双方都对对方对亚洲的愿景抱有怀疑，而这也导致两国的合作常常面临困境。同时，中日两国在东南亚的互动也影响到了美国的亚洲政策和美日关系。本论文认为，冷战时期美国对促进亚洲地区的多边经济合作并不热心，并对来自其盟友日本，还是来自地区国家，以及来自北京和莫斯科的试图促进地区经济合作的外交努力抱有敌意。日本对于美国不愿意支持其经济合作项目感到沮丧，并在这一时求就经济援助项目与美国产生了大量分歧。可以说，日本和美国的盟友关系中有着大量不稳定的因素，而频繁的分歧使两国无法形成有意义的经济外交合作，从而促进冷战时期亚洲的经济自由化。本论文还探讨了商业组织--商人、经济合作机构、企业、以及工业家--是如何在冷战期间为参与前述的经济外交的。这些组织作为政府的代理人，不仅履行由各国经济技术官僚谈判的合同，还主动发掘潜在的合作机会，并提出各种工业合作项目的蓝图，甚至直接参与政府内部的讨论以及与外国的贸易谈判。在某些情况下，商人为了保护自己的利益，向政府施压，要求按他们的条件行事。这篇论文显示，当中国需要经济扩张的援助时，海外华商就与其讨价还价，确保他们在中国-东南亚贸易中享受到优惠条件。一些华侨商人甚至利用他们与北京的关系来稳固他们自身在当地社会中的经济地位。就日本而言，工业家们不仅擅自向政府提出他们的经济合作议程，而且还向政府施加压力，甚至迫使其改变原有的外交方针。该论文认为，通过强调企业家在当时的经济外交中所扮演的各种角色，可以为冷战中亚洲各国间的权力关系提出了一个新的视角，并建立一个关于冷战的另一种叙述。东西阵营意识形态之间的意识形态对立与地缘政治斗争，也催生了在分裂中寻求建立有意义的联系以满足双方的利益的需求。换言之，冷战为一些组织和政府提供了这样一种选择：通过对经济繁荣的共同追求以及区域一体化的共同理想，化不可能的友谊为可能。
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880 3 1 $6 246-02/$1 $a 亦友亦敌 : $b 冷战时期中日两国在亚洲的竞争与协调, 1950-1972.