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Functional and Effective Connectivity Based Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Functional and Effective Connectivity Based Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease./
Author:	Huang, Jiali.
Description:	1 online resource (115 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-12A.
Subject:	Neuroimaging. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379650599

Functional and Effective Connectivity Based Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease.
Huang, Jiali.

Functional and Effective Connectivity Based Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease. - 1 online resource (115 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-12, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina State University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common causes of dementia and it costs hundreds of billions of dollars worldwide each year. There are multiple stages of the disorder: cognitive normal (CN), early mild cognitive impairment (EMCI), late mild cognitive impairment (LMCI), and AD. CN subjects age normally with no sign of depression or dementia, while EMCI and LMCI subjects suffer from difficulties in daily life activity caused by the progressed disease. AD is the advanced and final stage of the disease leading to death. Such a progression can worsen rapidly and cause irreversible changes in the brain without timely detection and proper care. Therefore, accurate understanding and classification of AD are needed as they provide opportunities to initiate proper treatments that may slow the patient's AD progression.The purpose of this dissertation is twofold. First, we study the neural correlates of AD progression. Key regions affected by AD progression were identified using regional homogeneity (ReHo) and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) measures. Functional connectivity (FC) and effective connectivity (EC) among such regions were calculated. Second, a convolutional neural network (CNN) model was constructed to classify and predict AD progression stages using the connectivity information calculated.Previous studies mainly focused on the structural changes and the time dependencies within the AD brain. Using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI), we analyzed the ReHo and ALFF, representing the regional brain activity levels and the low-frequency oscillations respectively. These measures help highlight several brain regions affected by AD progression and served as a basis for the following connectivity analysis. FC is the temporal correlation between spatially distinct brain regions and is represented by Pearson's correlation. EC represents the causal relationship among regions and is calculated using Dynamic Causal Modeling (DCM) method. Both FC and EC strengths were calculated and we observed that lowered activities in neural correlates are associated with later stages in AD progression.The information derived from FC and EC analyses was then used to train a classifier to distinguish subjects in the four aforementioned AD progression stages. A CNN model was constructed for that purpose. The connectivity matrices were augmented using generative adversarial neural networks (GANs) to prevent overfitting problems related to the limited sample size. Cross-validation was carried out to provide an unbiased evaluation. A 91.95% accuracy rate was achieved, proving the potential of using connectivity to distinguish AD progression stages. The prediction of transitioned subjects did not achieve concise results possibly due to the lack of updated patient documentation and limited input information.By combining FC, EC derived from DCM, and deep learning-based classification, this dissertation revealed the neural correlates, especially causal mechanisms underlying AD progression, and how this facilitates the classification and prediction of AD progression stages. This dissertation laid the groundwork for future connectivity-based neural disorder classification and prediction, which could help in the faster and smarter diagnosis of mental illnesses.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379650599Subjects--Topical Terms:

1344089
Neuroimaging.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Functional and Effective Connectivity Based Classification and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease.
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