國立虎尾科技大學 |

Land Tenure Insecurity and Rangeland Management.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Land Tenure Insecurity and Rangeland Management./
Author:	Lu, Xi.
Description:	1 online resource (159 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-05B.
Subject:	Livestock. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798380706704

Land Tenure Insecurity and Rangeland Management.
Lu, Xi.

Land Tenure Insecurity and Rangeland Management. - 1 online resource (159 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-05, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--McGill University (Canada), 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Recent transformations in political and economic environments around the globe have resulted in broad changes in pastoral property rights and tenure over land, as well as the way that herders manage their lands. The rangelands of China are one of the largest pastoral regions that have experienced significant and somewhat consistent reform of their tenure systems. Grassland areas that had long been held as communal and collectively managed were privatized between the late 1980s to the early 2000s. As a by-product of this land privatization, land rental markets have emerged and grown in Inner Mongolia in the past decade. However, little is known about how rental markets, and namely their land tenure security, affect rangeland and herder outcomes. The objective of this dissertation is to use the emerging rental market in Inner Mongolia as a case study to explore the relationships among grassland change, tenure insecurity, and pastoral resource management. This dissertation is based on the field-collected data from Inner Mongolia, China.It is commonly assumed that after rangeland privatization in Inner Mongolia, individual herders are confined to grazing on registered land parcels where exclusive ownership is granted. As a result, environmental policies often use the amount of the legally recognized land as a proxy for the land used by a herding household. But how well does this assumption hold? In the first manuscript, I use a detailed household survey on grassland use and management to examine the discrepancies between herders' legally-held (contracted) lands and other land used but not formally registered. The results show that herders' informally-managed lands are significant and have dramatic implications for calculating stocking rates around which numerous policies are based.In the second manuscript, I use a discrete choice experiment to reveal herders' preferences and trade-offs among a range of tenure-security influencing attributes. It is increasingly agreed that "tenure (in)security" is a composite idea that reflects a number of underlying conditions that lead to a herder feeling confident in their land rights. Yet, there is little evidence regarding how these are traded off. Using a land rental transaction as a scenario, I offered herders hypothetical choices of land contracts with different attributes to evaluate their influence on land users' perception of tenure security. I find strong evidence that herders prefer formal kinship contracts with additional land rights (i.e., the ability to receive eco-compensation) over other informal or contractual options. I further explain the preference heterogeneity in other attributes with qualitative evidence collected along with the choice experiment data.Land rental markets facilitate efficient utilization of land, however, the short duration of occupancy and limited property rights mean that rental contracts may discourage longer-term sustainable land management. Direct investigation into the relationship between rangeland rights and ecological outcomes has been hampered by scale-appropriate data on land tenure, resource management, and rangeland outcomes. In the third manuscript, I address these issues with a study design that combines participatory mapping, household surveys, and remote sensing. I analyzed these combined data in a multilevel statistical model, controlling for environmental and land management influences. My results show that rented parcels are associated with worse rangeland outcomes compared to privately-held parcels. This study contributes to the literature by documenting important empirical effects of rental markets and presenting a replicable workflow for integrating earth observations and micro-level survey data. Pragmatically, these results have important implications for incentive and compensatory-based rangeland policy.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798380706704Subjects--Topical Terms:

946845
Livestock.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Land Tenure Insecurity and Rangeland Management.
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520 $a Recent transformations in political and economic environments around the globe have resulted in broad changes in pastoral property rights and tenure over land, as well as the way that herders manage their lands. The rangelands of China are one of the largest pastoral regions that have experienced significant and somewhat consistent reform of their tenure systems. Grassland areas that had long been held as communal and collectively managed were privatized between the late 1980s to the early 2000s. As a by-product of this land privatization, land rental markets have emerged and grown in Inner Mongolia in the past decade. However, little is known about how rental markets, and namely their land tenure security, affect rangeland and herder outcomes. The objective of this dissertation is to use the emerging rental market in Inner Mongolia as a case study to explore the relationships among grassland change, tenure insecurity, and pastoral resource management. This dissertation is based on the field-collected data from Inner Mongolia, China.It is commonly assumed that after rangeland privatization in Inner Mongolia, individual herders are confined to grazing on registered land parcels where exclusive ownership is granted. As a result, environmental policies often use the amount of the legally recognized land as a proxy for the land used by a herding household. But how well does this assumption hold? In the first manuscript, I use a detailed household survey on grassland use and management to examine the discrepancies between herders' legally-held (contracted) lands and other land used but not formally registered. The results show that herders' informally-managed lands are significant and have dramatic implications for calculating stocking rates around which numerous policies are based.In the second manuscript, I use a discrete choice experiment to reveal herders' preferences and trade-offs among a range of tenure-security influencing attributes. It is increasingly agreed that "tenure (in)security" is a composite idea that reflects a number of underlying conditions that lead to a herder feeling confident in their land rights. Yet, there is little evidence regarding how these are traded off. Using a land rental transaction as a scenario, I offered herders hypothetical choices of land contracts with different attributes to evaluate their influence on land users' perception of tenure security. I find strong evidence that herders prefer formal kinship contracts with additional land rights (i.e., the ability to receive eco-compensation) over other informal or contractual options. I further explain the preference heterogeneity in other attributes with qualitative evidence collected along with the choice experiment data.Land rental markets facilitate efficient utilization of land, however, the short duration of occupancy and limited property rights mean that rental contracts may discourage longer-term sustainable land management. Direct investigation into the relationship between rangeland rights and ecological outcomes has been hampered by scale-appropriate data on land tenure, resource management, and rangeland outcomes. In the third manuscript, I address these issues with a study design that combines participatory mapping, household surveys, and remote sensing. I analyzed these combined data in a multilevel statistical model, controlling for environmental and land management influences. My results show that rented parcels are associated with worse rangeland outcomes compared to privately-held parcels. This study contributes to the literature by documenting important empirical effects of rental markets and presenting a replicable workflow for integrating earth observations and micro-level survey data. Pragmatically, these results have important implications for incentive and compensatory-based rangeland policy.
520 $a Les transformations recentes des environnements politiques et economiques dans le monde entier ont entraine de vastes changements dans les droits de propriete pastoraux et les regimes fonciers, ainsi que dans la maniere dont les eleveurs gerent leurs terres. Les paturages de Chine sont l'une des plus grandes regions pastorales a avoir connu une reforme importante et relativement coherente de leurs systemes fonciers. Les zones de paturage, qui ont longtemps ete detenues par la communaute et gerees collectivement, ont ete privatisees entre la fin des annees 1980 et le debut des annees 2000. En tant que sous-produit de cette privatisation, des marches de location de terres ont emerge et se sont developpes en Mongolie interieure au cours de la derniere decennie. Cependant, on sait peu de choses sur la facon dont les marches de location, et notamment leur securite fonciere, affectent les resultats des parcours et des bergers. L'objectif de cette these est d'utiliser le marche locatif emergent en Mongolie interieure comme etude de cas pour explorer les relations entre le changement des prairies, l'insecurite fonciere et la gestion des ressources pastorales. Cette these s'appuie sur des donnees recueillies sur le terrain en Mongolie interieure, en Chine.Dans le premier manuscrit, j'utilise une enquete detaillee aupres des menages sur l'utilisation et la gestion des paturages pour examiner les ecarts entre les terres detenues legalement par les eleveurs (sous contrat) et les autres terres utilisees non enregistrees. Les resultats montrent que les terres gerees de maniere informelle par les eleveurs sont importantes et ont des implications dramatiques pour le calcul des taux de charge sur lesquels de nombreuses politiques sont basees.Dans le second manuscrit, j'utilise une experience de choix discret pour reveler les preferences et les compromis des eleveurs quant a certains attributs influencant leur securite fonciere. Il est de plus en plus admis que la (l') "(in)securite fonciere" est une notion composite qui reflete un certain nombre de conditions sous-jacentes qui font qu'un eleveur se sent confiant dans ses droits fonciers. Cependant, il existe peu de preuves concernant la maniere dont ces conditions sont echangees. En utilisant une transaction de location de terres comme scenario, j'ai propose aux eleveurs des choix hypothetiques de contrats fonciers avec differents attributs afin d'evaluer leur influence sur la perception de la securite fonciere par les utilisateurs des terres. Je trouve des preuves solides que les eleveurs preferent les contrats formels de parente avec des droits fonciers supplementaires (c'est-a-dire la possibilite de recevoir une eco-compensation) a d'autres options informelles ou contractuelles. J'explique en outre l'heterogeneite des preferences pour d'autres attributs a l'aide de donnees qualitatives recueillies en meme temps que les donnees de l'experience des choix.Les marches de location de terres facilitent l'utilisation efficace des terres, mais la courte duree de l'occupation et les droits de propriete limites signifient que les contrats de location peuvent decourager la gestion durable des terres a plus long terme. L'etude directe de la relation entre les droits sur les parcours et les resultats ecologiques a ete entravee par l'absence de donnees appropriees a l'echelle sur le regime foncier, la gestion des ressources et les resultats sur les parcours.
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