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Physical Quantities : = Mereology and Dynamics.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Physical Quantities :/
其他題名:	Mereology and Dynamics.
作者:	Perry, Zee R.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (290 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 78-06, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International78-06A.
標題:	Philosophy of science. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781369332735

Physical Quantities : = Mereology and Dynamics.
Perry, Zee R.

Physical Quantities :Mereology and Dynamics. - 1 online resource (290 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 78-06, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2016.

Includes bibliographical references

Physical quantities-things like length, mass, charge, and volume- are commonly represented in science and everyday practice with mathematical entities, like numbers and vectors. We explain why I cannot reach the iced coffee 3ft away from me on the table by citing the fact that my arm is 2.5ft long and 2.5 < 3. However, we don't think that the '<' relation between the numbers 2.5 and 3 is directly explaining anything about my arm and the coffee. Rather, this mathematical fact explains indirectly by representing some directly explanatory physical feature of the system itself. A satisfactory account of the physical world should give us an understanding of the underlying physical structure in virtue of which these mathematical representations are successful. In my dissertation, Physical Quantities: Mereology and Dynamics, I defend a two-pronged account of quantity that analyzes this quantitative structure in terms of how that quantity traffics with the rest of the physical world. In the first half (Chapters 1 and 2), I argue that, for some quantities, this structure is grounded in their relationship to parthood. Specifically, Chapter 1 introduces the notion of a properly extensive quantity, like length, volume, etc, and distinguishes them from quantities which are extensive but not properly so, like mass, charge, etc. Chapter 2 develops a theory of the properly extensive quantities which defines their quantitative structure in terms of mereology and shared intrinsic properties. This account captures the intuition that quantitative relations, like "longer than" or "pi-times the volume of", are intrinsic to the physical systems they're called upon to explain. The second half (Chapters 3 and 4) concerns the relation between physical quantities and dynamical laws. Chapter 3 makes the case that we cannot apply the same mereological treatment to "merely additive" quantities (which are "extensive" but not properly so), like mass or charge, because their quantitative structure is not reflected in the parthood structure of their instances. That is, two massive point particles may stand in "the-square-root-of-5 times as massive as", or "twice as massive as" or any of countless other mass ratio relations, despite both having no proper parts. Chapter 4 argues that all other quantities (i.e. those which are not properly extensive) have their structure only derivatively, in virtue of their dynamical connections to properly extensive quantities according to the physical laws.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781369332735Subjects--Topical Terms:

1009373
Philosophy of science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

AdditivityIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Physical Quantities : = Mereology and Dynamics.
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 78-06, Section: A.
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502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2016.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Physical quantities-things like length, mass, charge, and volume- are commonly represented in science and everyday practice with mathematical entities, like numbers and vectors. We explain why I cannot reach the iced coffee 3ft away from me on the table by citing the fact that my arm is 2.5ft long and 2.5 < 3. However, we don't think that the '<' relation between the numbers 2.5 and 3 is directly explaining anything about my arm and the coffee. Rather, this mathematical fact explains indirectly by representing some directly explanatory physical feature of the system itself. A satisfactory account of the physical world should give us an understanding of the underlying physical structure in virtue of which these mathematical representations are successful. In my dissertation, Physical Quantities: Mereology and Dynamics, I defend a two-pronged account of quantity that analyzes this quantitative structure in terms of how that quantity traffics with the rest of the physical world. In the first half (Chapters 1 and 2), I argue that, for some quantities, this structure is grounded in their relationship to parthood. Specifically, Chapter 1 introduces the notion of a properly extensive quantity, like length, volume, etc, and distinguishes them from quantities which are extensive but not properly so, like mass, charge, etc. Chapter 2 develops a theory of the properly extensive quantities which defines their quantitative structure in terms of mereology and shared intrinsic properties. This account captures the intuition that quantitative relations, like "longer than" or "pi-times the volume of", are intrinsic to the physical systems they're called upon to explain. The second half (Chapters 3 and 4) concerns the relation between physical quantities and dynamical laws. Chapter 3 makes the case that we cannot apply the same mereological treatment to "merely additive" quantities (which are "extensive" but not properly so), like mass or charge, because their quantitative structure is not reflected in the parthood structure of their instances. That is, two massive point particles may stand in "the-square-root-of-5 times as massive as", or "twice as massive as" or any of countless other mass ratio relations, despite both having no proper parts. Chapter 4 argues that all other quantities (i.e. those which are not properly extensive) have their structure only derivatively, in virtue of their dynamical connections to properly extensive quantities according to the physical laws.
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653 $a Extension
653 $a Magnitudes
653 $a Mass
653 $a Parthood
653 $a Physical quantities
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