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Carotenoids in Cultured Channel Catfish.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Carotenoids in Cultured Channel Catfish./
Author:	Lee, Ping-Ping Hwang.
Description:	1 online resource (84 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 48-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International48-07B.
Subject:	Livestock. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798641827780

Carotenoids in Cultured Channel Catfish.
Lee, Ping-Ping Hwang.

Carotenoids in Cultured Channel Catfish. - 1 online resource (84 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 48-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 1987.

Includes bibliographical references

Carotenoid pigments in the flesh of commercially cultured channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were extracted and identified by thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis. Lutein and zeaxanthin were the only carotenoids found. A feeding experiment was conducted in a controlled environment using purified carotenoids. Xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) were deposited in the skin and flesh and produced a yellow color. These pigments were deposited without modification. The amount of xanthophyll deposited in the tissues increased with diet concentration up to 100-120 mg/kg of diet. Channel catfish did not deposit (beta)-carotene in the flesh or skin; however, liver analysis revealed that channel catfish readily convert (beta)-carotene to vitamins A(,1) and A(,2), in about a 1:1 ratio. The fish did not convert lutein or zeaxanthin to vitamin A. Channel catfish cultured in earthen ponds were fed practical diets supplemented with various levels of a xanthophyll concentrate, corn gluten meal, throughout the summer growing season. Tissue concentrations of xanthophyll were linearly related to carotenoid concentration in the diet. The visual score for flesh pigmentation correlated well with pigment concentration in the tissues. Carotenoid was more concentrated in the anterior, dorsal part of the muscle than in other parts. A concentration above 0.6 ug carotenoid/g of flesh would probably cause discernable yellow color in the fillet. This concentration of carotenoid in the flesh could be caused by dietary levels of carotenoid as low as 11 mg/kg. Carotenoid concentration increased in the flesh of fish fasted overwinter, however, no increase was found in the flesh of catfish fed a maintenance diet overwinter. The fasted fish lost weight, primarily in the form of fat, but the fish on maintenance diet did not. The increase in carotenoid concentration in the unfed fish was assumed to be caused by the faster mobilization of fat than carotenoids from the flesh. The results of this study indicate that dietary carotenoids cause yellow pigment in catfish flesh. They also indicate that commercial catfish feed should not contain more than 11 mg carotenoid/kg of diet and fish processed during winter or spring after a period of fasting would be expected to have more pronounced yellow pigmentation in the flesh.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798641827780Subjects--Topical Terms:

946845
Livestock.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Carotenoids in Cultured Channel Catfish.
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100 1 $a Lee, Ping-Ping Hwang. $3 1469338
245 1 0 $a Carotenoids in Cultured Channel Catfish.
264 0 $c 1987
300 $a 1 online resource (84 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
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500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 48-07, Section: B.
500 $a Publisher info.: Dissertation/Thesis.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Auburn University, 1987.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Carotenoid pigments in the flesh of commercially cultured channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were extracted and identified by thin layer chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric analysis. Lutein and zeaxanthin were the only carotenoids found. A feeding experiment was conducted in a controlled environment using purified carotenoids. Xanthophylls (lutein and zeaxanthin) were deposited in the skin and flesh and produced a yellow color. These pigments were deposited without modification. The amount of xanthophyll deposited in the tissues increased with diet concentration up to 100-120 mg/kg of diet. Channel catfish did not deposit (beta)-carotene in the flesh or skin; however, liver analysis revealed that channel catfish readily convert (beta)-carotene to vitamins A(,1) and A(,2), in about a 1:1 ratio. The fish did not convert lutein or zeaxanthin to vitamin A. Channel catfish cultured in earthen ponds were fed practical diets supplemented with various levels of a xanthophyll concentrate, corn gluten meal, throughout the summer growing season. Tissue concentrations of xanthophyll were linearly related to carotenoid concentration in the diet. The visual score for flesh pigmentation correlated well with pigment concentration in the tissues. Carotenoid was more concentrated in the anterior, dorsal part of the muscle than in other parts. A concentration above 0.6 ug carotenoid/g of flesh would probably cause discernable yellow color in the fillet. This concentration of carotenoid in the flesh could be caused by dietary levels of carotenoid as low as 11 mg/kg. Carotenoid concentration increased in the flesh of fish fasted overwinter, however, no increase was found in the flesh of catfish fed a maintenance diet overwinter. The fasted fish lost weight, primarily in the form of fat, but the fish on maintenance diet did not. The increase in carotenoid concentration in the unfed fish was assumed to be caused by the faster mobilization of fat than carotenoids from the flesh. The results of this study indicate that dietary carotenoids cause yellow pigment in catfish flesh. They also indicate that commercial catfish feed should not contain more than 11 mg carotenoid/kg of diet and fish processed during winter or spring after a period of fasting would be expected to have more pronounced yellow pigmentation in the flesh.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2024
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Livestock. $3 946845
650 4 $a Aquaculture. $3 768589
650 4 $a Fish production. $3 1469339
650 4 $a Aquatic sciences. $3 1178821
650 4 $a Animal sciences. $3 1178863
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0475
690 $a 0792
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a Auburn University. $3 1189563
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 48-07B.
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