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Explaining Achievement Disparities between the United States and South Korea.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Explaining Achievement Disparities between the United States and South Korea./
作者:	Park, Eun Jung.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (180 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 75-04, Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International75-04A.
標題:	Education policy. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781303276040

Explaining Achievement Disparities between the United States and South Korea.
Park, Eun Jung.

Explaining Achievement Disparities between the United States and South Korea. - 1 online resource (180 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 75-04, Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--George Mason University, 2013.

Includes bibliographical references

The educational systems and environments of the United States and South Korea drastically differ, and yet little research has focused on explaining which factors lead to differences in student achievement outcomes. Using the data on mathematics and reading literacy of 15-year-olds from the Program for International Student Assessment, this dissertation aims to reveal how student- and school-level factors are associated with student achievement outcomes within and between these two countries. I find that (1) schools are differentiated in both countries but the extent to which schools are segregated along the line of family SES is greater in the United States than in Korea; (2) Within-country examination revealed that school factors and their relationships with student achievement differ considerably between Korea and the United States. For instance, school autonomy measures have strong and positive relationship with school performance in Korea, whereas they have no statistical significant relationship with school performance in the United States. Also, school accountability measures, including positing achievement data is positively associated with student achievement in the U.S., but is negatively related with achievement in Korea; (3) Korean educational success is largely attained by the role played by parents, and to a lesser extent by the school factors. Parental involvement in education beyond the family's socioeconomic status is found to have strong relationship with student achievement; (4) Shadow education is the major factor that explains the U.S.-Korea achievement gap. The shadow education participation is positively related with student achievement in Korea, whereas it is negatively related with student achievement in the United States. Whether the finding indicates the causal relationship needs to be further examined. In other words, the question remains whether shadow education causes Korean students to achieve higher and U.S. students to achieve lower, or whether there exists the issue of self-selection, where in Korea, high achievers participate in shadow education to excel higher, and in the U.S., low-achievers participate in shadow education for remedial purposes.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781303276040Subjects--Topical Terms:

1107727
Education policy.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Comparative educationIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Explaining Achievement Disparities between the United States and South Korea.
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520 $a The educational systems and environments of the United States and South Korea drastically differ, and yet little research has focused on explaining which factors lead to differences in student achievement outcomes. Using the data on mathematics and reading literacy of 15-year-olds from the Program for International Student Assessment, this dissertation aims to reveal how student- and school-level factors are associated with student achievement outcomes within and between these two countries. I find that (1) schools are differentiated in both countries but the extent to which schools are segregated along the line of family SES is greater in the United States than in Korea; (2) Within-country examination revealed that school factors and their relationships with student achievement differ considerably between Korea and the United States. For instance, school autonomy measures have strong and positive relationship with school performance in Korea, whereas they have no statistical significant relationship with school performance in the United States. Also, school accountability measures, including positing achievement data is positively associated with student achievement in the U.S., but is negatively related with achievement in Korea; (3) Korean educational success is largely attained by the role played by parents, and to a lesser extent by the school factors. Parental involvement in education beyond the family's socioeconomic status is found to have strong relationship with student achievement; (4) Shadow education is the major factor that explains the U.S.-Korea achievement gap. The shadow education participation is positively related with student achievement in Korea, whereas it is negatively related with student achievement in the United States. Whether the finding indicates the causal relationship needs to be further examined. In other words, the question remains whether shadow education causes Korean students to achieve higher and U.S. students to achieve lower, or whether there exists the issue of self-selection, where in Korea, high achievers participate in shadow education to excel higher, and in the U.S., low-achievers participate in shadow education for remedial purposes.
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