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Essays on Public Health Policy and the Dynamics of Consumer Decision Making.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Essays on Public Health Policy and the Dynamics of Consumer Decision Making./
Author:	Kim, Jong Yeob.
Description:	1 online resource (134 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-11B.
Subject:	Public health. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379503260

Essays on Public Health Policy and the Dynamics of Consumer Decision Making.
Kim, Jong Yeob.

Essays on Public Health Policy and the Dynamics of Consumer Decision Making. - 1 online resource (134 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-11, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

This dissertation focuses on issues related to public health and government policies. The first chapter examines the contentious issue of the "junk food tax" with an application to carbonated beverages in the U.S. The second chapter examines the dynamics of decision making in the elderly population due to changes in health benefits. The application here is to exogenous shifts in dental insurance policies in South Korea. This thesis takes an interdisciplinary perspective with issues and methods drawn from literature in marketing, economics, and public health. The approach taken is primarily empirical, although model specification is guided by strong theoretical underpinnings of consumer behavior, decision making, and firm conduct.In Chapter 1, I estimate the effect of soda tax on consumers' soda consumption. In particular, this study utilizes the Becker-Murphy model to show consumers' rational addictive behavior on soda consumption. Motivated by the evidence, I build a dynamic structural model to quantify the impact of soda taxes on soda purchases and consumption and study the role of addiction in influencing this impact. Using the parameter estimates, I conduct counterfactual analyses based on realistic policy scenarios and evaluate how different tax policies would affect soda purchases.The policy experiments indicate that imposing a soda tax of 1 cent per ounce would reduce soda consumption by 28.3% and addiction level by 31.7%. I find that 20.6% of the reduction in consumption is due to the reduction in the addiction level. I further investigate how these taxes affect consumer and social welfare through a change in addiction level. I find that addiction plays a critical role because a mild reduction in addiction level in the Berkeley tax scenario (1 cent per ounce on regular soda) benefits consumer and social welfare; however, in the Philadelphia tax scenario (1.5 cents per ounce on regular and diet sodas), the reduction in addiction level is too large, and both consumer and social welfare are worse off than before.In Chapter 2, I explore the impact of government insurance expansion for elderly care in South Korea. This article exploits variations in eligibility age thresholds and coverage amounts in the South Korean dental market to examine health care utilization, strategic delays, and the dynamics of treatment choices by the elderly patients. I use two primary data sources: a repeated cross-sectional representative health survey, and a long panel data on individual-level prescription and treatment choices from a large university hospital in South Korea. My empirical approach exploits temporal variation in eligibility thresholds, and out-of-pocket costs for different forms of treatments (dentures vs. implants) to compare age cohorts just meeting the insurance criterion vs. not.I find large increases in healthcare utilization post insurance expansion, and strong evidence of strategic delays-a particular form of moral hazard-in treatment choices for patients just below eligibility thresholds. Evidence from reduced-form analysis guides us to develop a dynamic structural "patient life-cycle" model to examine patients' strategic delays of treatment and adoption of new technology (implants) under different dental insurance policies. From a methodological point of view, I show how the age threshold can be used as an exclusion restriction to estimate discount factors in dynamic models of health care choices. Structural parameters replicate many of the patterns observed in the data and allow us to conduct a variety of counterfactuals to provide welfare estimates for different health policies. For example, I find that lowering the eligibility threshold from age 65 to 60 increases treatment timing and improves patient welfare by 6.8% but also leads to a significant increase in government spending, resulting in a net negative overall change in social welfare.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379503260Subjects--Topical Terms:

560998
Public health.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Consumer behaviorIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Essays on Public Health Policy and the Dynamics of Consumer Decision Making.
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