國立虎尾科技大學 |

Inoculum Dose and Sepsis Comorbidity Alter Disease Outcomes in an MHV-1 Murine Model of Beta-Coronavirus Infections.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Inoculum Dose and Sepsis Comorbidity Alter Disease Outcomes in an MHV-1 Murine Model of Beta-Coronavirus Infections./
Author:	Silva, Elvia Elizabeth.
Description:	1 online resource (152 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-01B.
Subject:	Immunology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798383188279

Inoculum Dose and Sepsis Comorbidity Alter Disease Outcomes in an MHV-1 Murine Model of Beta-Coronavirus Infections.
Silva, Elvia Elizabeth.

Inoculum Dose and Sepsis Comorbidity Alter Disease Outcomes in an MHV-1 Murine Model of Beta-Coronavirus Infections. - 1 online resource (152 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2024.

Includes bibliographical references

Immune responses against respiratory viruses have been studied in mouse models for decades, providing insight into the players involved in protection. However, it is also known that patients in the clinic can come in with different comorbidities which make infection worse. Additionally, although exposure length has been studied in the SARS-CoV-2 context, whether the immune response differs when initially exposed to different amounts of coronavirus, has been understudied. In this work I address how sepsis, an immune disorder, and the initial infection amount determine the outcome in beta-coronavirus infection using the MHV-1 mouse model.I noted that in a host whose genetics already predisposes them to severe infection with beta coronavirus, there is a tipping point of asymptomatic to symptomatic and severe infection depending on how much initial virus they receive. This is a different assessment than what is tested in the lungs several days in, which can be much more similar between inoculum doses. A low dose infection was asymptomatic in coronavirus-susceptible mice. While mice had active virus in their lungs and their adaptive immune was responding, they did not experience any outward symptoms and all of them survived. This low dose infection also worked to protect these mice from severe infection later. Specifically, the antibodies generated from the asymptomatic infection protected these mice from a lethal infection. All mice survived and had no detectible virus early after infection.Finally, I addressed the clinically relevant model of prior sepsis as a beta coronavirus infection comorbidity. Hosts who were otherwise resistant to infection due to genetics or initial infection level were worse off if they experienced sepsis before, including poorer morbidity and higher viral load. This thesis covers the alterations in pathology and immune responses after these infection alterations and closes with future directions in immune memory after sepsis.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798383188279Subjects--Topical Terms:

592892
Immunology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

CoronavirusIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Inoculum Dose and Sepsis Comorbidity Alter Disease Outcomes in an MHV-1 Murine Model of Beta-Coronavirus Infections.
LDR:03356ntm a22003857 4500 001 1146694
005 20240812064716.5
006 m o d
007 cr bn ---uuuuu
008 250605s2024 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9798383188279
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI31148610
035 $a AAI31148610
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ $d NTU
100 1 $a Silva, Elvia Elizabeth. $3 1472138
245 1 0 $a Inoculum Dose and Sepsis Comorbidity Alter Disease Outcomes in an MHV-1 Murine Model of Beta-Coronavirus Infections.
264 0 $c 2024
300 $a 1 online resource (152 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Badovinac, Vladimir.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Iowa, 2024.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Immune responses against respiratory viruses have been studied in mouse models for decades, providing insight into the players involved in protection. However, it is also known that patients in the clinic can come in with different comorbidities which make infection worse. Additionally, although exposure length has been studied in the SARS-CoV-2 context, whether the immune response differs when initially exposed to different amounts of coronavirus, has been understudied. In this work I address how sepsis, an immune disorder, and the initial infection amount determine the outcome in beta-coronavirus infection using the MHV-1 mouse model.I noted that in a host whose genetics already predisposes them to severe infection with beta coronavirus, there is a tipping point of asymptomatic to symptomatic and severe infection depending on how much initial virus they receive. This is a different assessment than what is tested in the lungs several days in, which can be much more similar between inoculum doses. A low dose infection was asymptomatic in coronavirus-susceptible mice. While mice had active virus in their lungs and their adaptive immune was responding, they did not experience any outward symptoms and all of them survived. This low dose infection also worked to protect these mice from severe infection later. Specifically, the antibodies generated from the asymptomatic infection protected these mice from a lethal infection. All mice survived and had no detectible virus early after infection.Finally, I addressed the clinically relevant model of prior sepsis as a beta coronavirus infection comorbidity. Hosts who were otherwise resistant to infection due to genetics or initial infection level were worse off if they experienced sepsis before, including poorer morbidity and higher viral load. This thesis covers the alterations in pathology and immune responses after these infection alterations and closes with future directions in immune memory after sepsis.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2024
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Immunology. $3 592892
650 4 $a Cellular biology. $3 1148666
650 4 $a Pathology. $3 668553
653 $a Coronavirus
653 $a Sepsis
653 $a Immune memory
653 $a Asymptomatic infection
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0982
690 $a 0379
690 $a 0571
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a The University of Iowa. $b Immunology. $3 1472139
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 86-01B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=31148610 $z click for full text (PQDT)