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Development of Injectable Cell-Adhesive Polyethylene Glycol Cryogel Scaffolds.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Development of Injectable Cell-Adhesive Polyethylene Glycol Cryogel Scaffolds./
Author:	Bruns, Joseph.
Description:	1 online resource (82 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 79-02.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International79-02.
Subject:	Biomedical engineering. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780355035445

Development of Injectable Cell-Adhesive Polyethylene Glycol Cryogel Scaffolds.
Bruns, Joseph.

Development of Injectable Cell-Adhesive Polyethylene Glycol Cryogel Scaffolds. - 1 online resource (82 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 79-02.

Thesis (M.S.)--Saint Louis University, 2017.

Includes bibliographical references

Cryogels have high potential as tissue engineering scaffolds due to their similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and their excellent mechanical properties. Compared to other ECM mimics, such as nanoporous hydrogels, cryogels exhibit macroporous structure, increased transport, improved resilience and mechanical stability. Importantly, the macroporous structure renders cryogels shape memory properties; cryogels can compress to 80% strain and return to their original shape without failure. Most cryogels developed to date are made of natural materials such as alginate that suffer from large batch-to-batch variability and little control over final properties. Synthetic cryogels offer greater control over properties and superior reproducibility, but typically lack sites for cell attachment and recognition; hence, a separate ECM coating step needs to be applied prior to their use as tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, we developed and characterized novel injectable, synthetic, yet cell adhesive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) cryogels. The gels were rendered cell adhesive by tethering the cell adhesive ligand RGDS prior to cryogel formation. We evaluated cryogel properties, namely porosity, pore size, pore interconnectivity, swelling, stiffness and ability to support cell viability and infiltration, as a function of polymer concentration and chemical composition, freezing time, reaction rate, solvent and quenching. Overall, all cryogels were formed with interconnected pores, pore sizes were in the range of 54 to 163 µm, and stiffness was in the range of 2.3 to 15.4 kPa. Polymer composition, freezing time, and reaction rate had a minimal effect on pore size, porosity, and stiffness. Decrease in PEG concentration and osmolarity and increase in quenching led to increase in pore size and porosity, due to the increased rate of ice crystal growth. Cell infiltration and viability was proportional to the concentration of tethered RGDS. Cells seeded on cryogels with 0.2 mM RGDS had less infiltration, with most of the cells concentrated near the top of the cryogel, while cells seeded on cryogels with 1 mM RGDS infiltrated the whole cryogel. Cryogel slabs of 3 and 2 mm in diameter were injectable via 16 and 21-gauge needles, respectively. In summary, we successfully developed injectable PEG cryogels for use as cell-adhesive tissue engineering scaffolds.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780355035445Subjects--Topical Terms:

588770
Biomedical engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

CryogelIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Development of Injectable Cell-Adhesive Polyethylene Glycol Cryogel Scaffolds.
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520 $a Cryogels have high potential as tissue engineering scaffolds due to their similarity to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and their excellent mechanical properties. Compared to other ECM mimics, such as nanoporous hydrogels, cryogels exhibit macroporous structure, increased transport, improved resilience and mechanical stability. Importantly, the macroporous structure renders cryogels shape memory properties; cryogels can compress to 80% strain and return to their original shape without failure. Most cryogels developed to date are made of natural materials such as alginate that suffer from large batch-to-batch variability and little control over final properties. Synthetic cryogels offer greater control over properties and superior reproducibility, but typically lack sites for cell attachment and recognition; hence, a separate ECM coating step needs to be applied prior to their use as tissue engineering scaffolds. In this study, we developed and characterized novel injectable, synthetic, yet cell adhesive poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) cryogels. The gels were rendered cell adhesive by tethering the cell adhesive ligand RGDS prior to cryogel formation. We evaluated cryogel properties, namely porosity, pore size, pore interconnectivity, swelling, stiffness and ability to support cell viability and infiltration, as a function of polymer concentration and chemical composition, freezing time, reaction rate, solvent and quenching. Overall, all cryogels were formed with interconnected pores, pore sizes were in the range of 54 to 163 µm, and stiffness was in the range of 2.3 to 15.4 kPa. Polymer composition, freezing time, and reaction rate had a minimal effect on pore size, porosity, and stiffness. Decrease in PEG concentration and osmolarity and increase in quenching led to increase in pore size and porosity, due to the increased rate of ice crystal growth. Cell infiltration and viability was proportional to the concentration of tethered RGDS. Cells seeded on cryogels with 0.2 mM RGDS had less infiltration, with most of the cells concentrated near the top of the cryogel, while cells seeded on cryogels with 1 mM RGDS infiltrated the whole cryogel. Cryogel slabs of 3 and 2 mm in diameter were injectable via 16 and 21-gauge needles, respectively. In summary, we successfully developed injectable PEG cryogels for use as cell-adhesive tissue engineering scaffolds.
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