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Unraveling the Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Three Conditions : = Colorectal Cancer, Group B Streptococcus Colonization, and Multiple Sclerosis.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Unraveling the Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Three Conditions :/
Reminder of title:	Colorectal Cancer, Group B Streptococcus Colonization, and Multiple Sclerosis.
Author:	Cowley, Elise S.
Description:	1 online resource (420 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-07B.
Subject:	Microbiology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798381402780

Unraveling the Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Three Conditions : = Colorectal Cancer, Group B Streptococcus Colonization, and Multiple Sclerosis.
Cowley, Elise S.

Unraveling the Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Three Conditions :Colorectal Cancer, Group B Streptococcus Colonization, and Multiple Sclerosis. - 1 online resource (420 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2024.

Includes bibliographical references

The human gut microbiome is widely studied primarily through compositional and descriptive studies. Different human health and disease statuses have been linked to both the gut microbiome composition and function. To understand the role of the human microbiome in human health and disease, in this thesis, I have paired compositional characterizations with functional potential via metabolic reconstruction. I utilized human samples paired with participant metadata to understand the role of the gut microbiome in three different health conditions: colorectal cancer (CRC), multiple sclerosis (MS), and group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization. I investigated the role of bacterial sulfur cycle potential in the human gut and its impact on colorectal cancer (CRC) by describing the scope of the bacterial sulfur cycle in the human gut and associations of particular microbial sulfidogenic pathways with colorectal cancer using ~17,000 bacterial genomes from a cohort of 667 individuals (chapter 2). We found bacterial sulfur cycle genes are common in the gut and several genes are associated with CRC. Next, I determined the prevalence of group B Streptococcus in the human gut in the general adult population using stool samples, and evaluated dietary and health risk factors for GBS colonization using 754 stool samples from adults in Wisconsin (chapter 3). In this work, we found GBS is present in 18% of stool samples and an increased abundance of GBS is associated with decreased dental hygiene and increased frequency of iron consumption. Finally, I investigated the role of bacteria and bacteriophages in relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) by evaluating the bacterial and phage composition and functional landscape of the gut microbiome in 75 individuals with RRMS compared to controls from a community in Wisconsin (chapter 4). We found the overall bacterial and phage composition of the gut similar between controls and participants with RRMS. We found the Semi-phosphorylative Entner-Doudoroff pathway, was less likely to be present in in the assembled genomes of participants with MS on disease modifying therapy than those who are not on disease modifying therapy and tryptophan biosynthesis was more likely to be present in bacterial genomes of individuals with RRMS not on disease modifying therapy compared to controls. By understanding the composition and functional capacity of the microbiome in different disease states using human samples, we can better understand how to combine therapeutic approaches to change the composition and function of the microbiome (Figure 1).

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798381402780Subjects--Topical Terms:

591510
Microbiology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Colorectal cancerIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Unraveling the Role of the Human Gut Microbiome in Three Conditions : = Colorectal Cancer, Group B Streptococcus Colonization, and Multiple Sclerosis.
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