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Extraction and Purification of Cannabinoids from Hemp - Experimentation and Process Modeling.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Extraction and Purification of Cannabinoids from Hemp - Experimentation and Process Modeling./
Author:	Valizadehderakhshan, Mehrab.
Description:	1 online resource (212 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International84-01B.
Subject:	Chemical engineering. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798837526015

Extraction and Purification of Cannabinoids from Hemp - Experimentation and Process Modeling.
Valizadehderakhshan, Mehrab.

Extraction and Purification of Cannabinoids from Hemp - Experimentation and Process Modeling. - 1 online resource (212 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 84-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Hemp is known for two major cannabinoids, namely cannabidiol (CBD), with excellent medical potential, and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), infamous for its psychoactive effects. The research and processing of this plant underwent a significant relief upon the change in legislation recently, creating a new industry with numerous gaps. This research focuses on three main goals: improving the large-scale fractionation, process modeling, and increasing the bio-accessibility of hydrophobic CBD. First, different solvents were screened for extraction efficiency on a laboratory scale, where ethanol was found the be the ideal candidate for large-scale process based on processing time (6 minutes), yield (11wt.%), recovery, and toxicity. Then, large-scale extraction of cannabinoids and terpenes was carried out using an extraction setup. The extract was winterized, decarboxylated, and fed into wiped film molecular distillation (WFMD) system for fractionation. It was found that both higher concentrations (81wt.%) and recovery (92%) can be obtained by increased vacuum level and operation temperature, while the condenser temperature change contributed to concentration improvement only.WFMD was not found to be a proper instrument for producing medical-grade CBD because of the product concentration and failure in selective removal of psychoactive THC. The process prediction by response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) was conducted and found out that ANN offers lesser errors, confirming the robustness of the employed algorithm. Afterward, a new WFMD process model was developed in Aspen-Plus® using consecutive flash drums as replacements for different unit operations. Compared to experimental results, it was found that employing Redlich-Kwong has the highest level of consistency (maximum error of 9%). Finally, improvement of CBD hydrophilicity was considered using different FDA-approved surfactants and lipids. Solid lipid nanoparticles of CBD were synthesized as potential drug carriers, and their shelf lives were examined. After several trial-and-error of different formulations, the CBD, Witepsol W35, Span 80, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), Poloxamer (P188) at the relative weights of 100, 400, 170, 15.5, and 15.5 in water showed to have the highest shelf life (at least four months). The optimized formulation is the first reported CBD-loaded SLN offering 24% in-vitro release with an entrapment efficiency of 86±4.8%.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798837526015Subjects--Topical Terms:

555952
Chemical engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Artificial neural networkIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Extraction and Purification of Cannabinoids from Hemp - Experimentation and Process Modeling.
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520 $a Hemp is known for two major cannabinoids, namely cannabidiol (CBD), with excellent medical potential, and tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), infamous for its psychoactive effects. The research and processing of this plant underwent a significant relief upon the change in legislation recently, creating a new industry with numerous gaps. This research focuses on three main goals: improving the large-scale fractionation, process modeling, and increasing the bio-accessibility of hydrophobic CBD. First, different solvents were screened for extraction efficiency on a laboratory scale, where ethanol was found the be the ideal candidate for large-scale process based on processing time (6 minutes), yield (11wt.%), recovery, and toxicity. Then, large-scale extraction of cannabinoids and terpenes was carried out using an extraction setup. The extract was winterized, decarboxylated, and fed into wiped film molecular distillation (WFMD) system for fractionation. It was found that both higher concentrations (81wt.%) and recovery (92%) can be obtained by increased vacuum level and operation temperature, while the condenser temperature change contributed to concentration improvement only.WFMD was not found to be a proper instrument for producing medical-grade CBD because of the product concentration and failure in selective removal of psychoactive THC. The process prediction by response surface method (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN) was conducted and found out that ANN offers lesser errors, confirming the robustness of the employed algorithm. Afterward, a new WFMD process model was developed in Aspen-Plus® using consecutive flash drums as replacements for different unit operations. Compared to experimental results, it was found that employing Redlich-Kwong has the highest level of consistency (maximum error of 9%). Finally, improvement of CBD hydrophilicity was considered using different FDA-approved surfactants and lipids. Solid lipid nanoparticles of CBD were synthesized as potential drug carriers, and their shelf lives were examined. After several trial-and-error of different formulations, the CBD, Witepsol W35, Span 80, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), Poloxamer (P188) at the relative weights of 100, 400, 170, 15.5, and 15.5 in water showed to have the highest shelf life (at least four months). The optimized formulation is the first reported CBD-loaded SLN offering 24% in-vitro release with an entrapment efficiency of 86±4.8%.
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