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The Suitability of Biochar From Non-Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Potential Bio-Based Reinforcing Fillers in Rubber Composites.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Suitability of Biochar From Non-Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Potential Bio-Based Reinforcing Fillers in Rubber Composites./
Author:	Greenough, Stephanie.
Description:	1 online resource (111 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-05.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International84-05.
Subject:	Manures. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798352987711

The Suitability of Biochar From Non-Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Potential Bio-Based Reinforcing Fillers in Rubber Composites.
Greenough, Stephanie.

The Suitability of Biochar From Non-Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Potential Bio-Based Reinforcing Fillers in Rubber Composites. - 1 online resource (111 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 84-05.

Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University (Canada), 2022.

Includes bibliographical references

Bio-based alternatives to non-renewable, non-sustainable materials in composites has gained considerable attention in recent decades. Biochar, a bio-sourced material, can be synthesized from nearly any feedstock. Biochar physicochemical properties vary based on the feedstock source and the pyrolysis operating conditions. The subject of this thesis is the synthesis and characterization of biochar from non-lignocellulosic feedstocks such as chicken feather meal, municipal wastewater sludge, and canola protein. The suitability of biochar as reinforcing fillers in styrene-butadiene rubber composites was assessed based on the biochar filled rubber vulcanization behavior, morphology, tensile, and dynamic mechanical properties. Biochar from non-lignocellulosic feedstocks was evaluated as a substitute for carbon black in rubber tire applications.As part of this thesis, chicken feather meal and municipal wastewater sludge were converted into biochar using a batch pyrolysis unit. The effects of the feedstock source and the pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of the biochar were studied. The biochars were then added to the styrene-butadiene rubber mix to produce bio-based filled rubber composites. Results showed that among other properties, the biochar had lower carbon and higher ash content, lower surface area, and larger particle sizes compared to carbon black. These unfavorable properties resulted in the inability of the biochar to reinforce the rubber. The dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed the strong filler-filler interactions, and a lower tendency for filler-rubber interactions, which was attributed to biochar physicochemical properties. Therefore, without further modification, chicken feather meal and municipal wastewater sludge were not suitable alternatives for carbon black in styrene-butadiene rubber composites.In a second study, chicken feather meal and canola protein were evaluated as potential renewable fillers in styrene-butadiene rubber composites. It was found that steam activated biochar had improved physicochemical properties compared to the biochar in the previous study. This translated into improved tensile properties. The results of the dynamic mechanical analysis showed that canola protein pyrolyzed under nitrogen and subsequently steam cooled behaved similarly to carbon black. The slight differences were not large enough to explain the much lower reinforcement of the biochar. Further research is required to assess whether biochar surface modification can improve the compatibility with rubber.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798352987711Subjects--Topical Terms:

1000197
Manures.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

The Suitability of Biochar From Non-Lignocellulosic Feedstocks as Potential Bio-Based Reinforcing Fillers in Rubber Composites.
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502 $a Thesis (M.Sc.)--McGill University (Canada), 2022.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Bio-based alternatives to non-renewable, non-sustainable materials in composites has gained considerable attention in recent decades. Biochar, a bio-sourced material, can be synthesized from nearly any feedstock. Biochar physicochemical properties vary based on the feedstock source and the pyrolysis operating conditions. The subject of this thesis is the synthesis and characterization of biochar from non-lignocellulosic feedstocks such as chicken feather meal, municipal wastewater sludge, and canola protein. The suitability of biochar as reinforcing fillers in styrene-butadiene rubber composites was assessed based on the biochar filled rubber vulcanization behavior, morphology, tensile, and dynamic mechanical properties. Biochar from non-lignocellulosic feedstocks was evaluated as a substitute for carbon black in rubber tire applications.As part of this thesis, chicken feather meal and municipal wastewater sludge were converted into biochar using a batch pyrolysis unit. The effects of the feedstock source and the pyrolysis temperature on the physicochemical properties of the biochar were studied. The biochars were then added to the styrene-butadiene rubber mix to produce bio-based filled rubber composites. Results showed that among other properties, the biochar had lower carbon and higher ash content, lower surface area, and larger particle sizes compared to carbon black. These unfavorable properties resulted in the inability of the biochar to reinforce the rubber. The dynamic mechanical analysis confirmed the strong filler-filler interactions, and a lower tendency for filler-rubber interactions, which was attributed to biochar physicochemical properties. Therefore, without further modification, chicken feather meal and municipal wastewater sludge were not suitable alternatives for carbon black in styrene-butadiene rubber composites.In a second study, chicken feather meal and canola protein were evaluated as potential renewable fillers in styrene-butadiene rubber composites. It was found that steam activated biochar had improved physicochemical properties compared to the biochar in the previous study. This translated into improved tensile properties. The results of the dynamic mechanical analysis showed that canola protein pyrolyzed under nitrogen and subsequently steam cooled behaved similarly to carbon black. The slight differences were not large enough to explain the much lower reinforcement of the biochar. Further research is required to assess whether biochar surface modification can improve the compatibility with rubber.
520 $a Au cours des dernieres decennies, des alternatives biosources ont suscite un interet considerable en tant que substituts pour les materiaux non renouvelables dans les composites. Le biochar, un materiel biosource, peut etre synthetise a partir de quasiment tous les types de biomasse. Les proprietes physico-chimiques du biochar varient en fonction de la source de la biomasse et selon les configurations de la pyrolyse. Le sujet de cette these porte sur la synthese et la caracterisation des biochars produits a partir de residus de biomasses non-lignocellulosiques telles que la farine de plumes de poulet, les boues d'epuration municipales, et les proteines de canola. Une analyse de la vulcanisation, de la morphologie, de la traction, et de la mecanique dynamique a ete realisee afin de determiner si le biochar peut etre utilise comme charges renforcantes dans les composites de caoutchouc styrene-butadiene. Biochar provenant de residus de biomasses non-lignocellulosiques a ete evalue comme substitut au noir de carbone dans les pneumatiques.Dans le cadre de ce memoire, de la farine de plumes de poulet et des boues d'epuration municipales ont ete converties en biochar a l'aide d'un reacteur de pyrolyse. Les effets de la source de la biomasse et de la temperature de pyrolyse sur les proprietes physico-chimiques du biochar furent etudies. Le biochar a ensuite ete ajoute au composite de caoutchouc styrene-butadiene pour produire un composite de caoutchouc avec renforts biosources. Les resultats ont montre que, parmi d'autres proprietes, le biochar avait une teneur plus faible en carbone et plus elevee en cendres, une surface plus faible et des particules de plus grande taille que le noir de carbone. Ces proprietes defavorables ont entraine l'incapacite du biochar a renforcer le caoutchouc. L'analyse mecanique dynamique a confirme les fortes interactions entre les charges, et une tendance plus faible pour les interactions entre les charges et le caoutchouc, ce qui a ete attribue aux proprietes physico-chimiques du biochar. Par consequent, sans modification supplementaire, la farine de plumes de poulet et les boues d'epuration municipales ne sont pas des alternatives appropriees au noir de carbone dans les composites de caoutchouc styrene-butadiene.Dans une deuxieme etude, la farine de plumes de poulet et les proteines de canola ont ete evaluees comme charges renouvelables potentielles dans les composites de caoutchouc styrene-butadiene. Il a ete constate que le biochar active a la vapeur avait des proprietes physico-chimiques ameliorees par rapport au biochar de l'etude precedente. Cela s'est traduit par une amelioration des proprietes de traction. Les resultats de l'analyse mecanique dynamique ont montre que les proteines de canola pyrolysees sous azote et ensuite refroidies a la vapeur se comportaient de maniere similaire au noir de carbone. Les legeres differences n'etaient pas assez importantes pour expliquer le renforcement beaucoup plus faible du biochar. Des recherches supplementaires sont necessaires pour evaluer si la modification de la surface du biochar peut ameliorer la compatibilite avec le caoutchouc.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2024
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Manures. $3 1000197
650 4 $a Polymers. $3 561233
650 4 $a Rubber. $3 636455
650 4 $a Carbon black. $3 1475778
650 4 $a Tensile strength. $3 1215672
650 4 $a Hydrocarbons. $3 673437
650 4 $a Agricultural production. $3 1372530
650 4 $a Lignin. $3 847953
650 4 $a Ingredients. $3 1413562
650 4 $a Waste materials. $3 1469061
650 4 $a Cellulose. $3 678568
650 4 $a Rice. $3 890457
650 4 $a Heat. $3 1276837
650 4 $a Canola. $3 1475779
650 4 $a Biomass. $3 649556
650 4 $a Tires. $3 1475780
650 4 $a Synthesis gas. $3 1100510
650 4 $a Research & development--R&D. $3 1372607
650 4 $a Curing. $3 1372563
650 4 $a Editing. $3 639159
650 4 $a Composite materials. $3 561730
650 4 $a Barley. $3 1465204
650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 660421
650 4 $a Agronomy. $3 1027735
650 4 $a Chemical engineering. $3 555952
650 4 $a Materials science. $3 557839
650 4 $a Mechanics. $3 527684
650 4 $a Physics. $3 564049
650 4 $a Polymer chemistry. $3 1182163
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710 2 $a McGill University (Canada). $3 845629
773 0 $t Masters Abstracts International $g 84-05.
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