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Fermenting Kale Vegetable (Brassica oleracea Var Sabella) Improves Its Properties as a Functional Food.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Fermenting Kale Vegetable (Brassica oleracea Var Sabella) Improves Its Properties as a Functional Food./
Author:	Subedi, Ujjwol.
Description:	1 online resource (103 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-04.
Subject:	Food science. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798380589802

Fermenting Kale Vegetable (Brassica oleracea Var Sabella) Improves Its Properties as a Functional Food.
Subedi, Ujjwol.

Fermenting Kale Vegetable (Brassica oleracea Var Sabella) Improves Its Properties as a Functional Food. - 1 online resource (103 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Maryland, College Park, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

The properties of kale as a functional food are well known. Fermentation is a process that has been shown to improve the health impacts of foods. In this study, we sought to determine how fermentation further improves or augments the functional food properties of kale. We tested six different fermentation methods which included traditional practices and inoculation with different bacterial species and compared outcomes to the unfermented control. After 16 days of fermentation, we quantified (i) selected bioactive components and (ii) anti-nutritional factors. We then determined (i) the antioxidant capacity of the whole vegetable, (ii) the microbiota composition of the vegetable, and (iii) the anti-inflammation capacity of the ethanolic extract of the vegetable.Fermentation significantly increased (i) the quantities of total polyphenols from 8.54 to 10.71 mg GAE/g (ii) sulforaphane from 960.8 ± 41.76 to 1777 ± 45.95 μg/g, and (iii) antioxidant capacity from 61.99 to 67.37 % respectively, and antinutritional factors oxalate and tannin content significantly reduced by 49 % and 29.83 % respectively. Fermented kale extract exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages by reducing the iNOS expression by 84.3% and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels by 62, 68, and 85.5 %, respectively. Fermenting kale changed the surface microbiota by reducing the population of the inflammation-inducing Proteobacteria while increasing health-promoting Firmicutes; including Lactobacillus. All fermentation methods had a beneficial impact compared to the unfermented control, but the mixed culture of L. lactis and L. acidophilus was the most effective.In summary, fermenting enhanced the health benefits of kale by increasing the concentration of total polyphenol, sulforaphane content, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammation capacity, and reducing the quantity of anti-nutritional factors. Furthermore, it promoted the prebiotic and/or probiotic vehicle properties of the vegetable by changing the proportion of beneficial bacteria and those associated with inflammation.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798380589802Subjects--Topical Terms:

1179759
Food science.
Subjects--Index Terms:

FermentationIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Fermenting Kale Vegetable (Brassica oleracea Var Sabella) Improves Its Properties as a Functional Food.
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520 $a The properties of kale as a functional food are well known. Fermentation is a process that has been shown to improve the health impacts of foods. In this study, we sought to determine how fermentation further improves or augments the functional food properties of kale. We tested six different fermentation methods which included traditional practices and inoculation with different bacterial species and compared outcomes to the unfermented control. After 16 days of fermentation, we quantified (i) selected bioactive components and (ii) anti-nutritional factors. We then determined (i) the antioxidant capacity of the whole vegetable, (ii) the microbiota composition of the vegetable, and (iii) the anti-inflammation capacity of the ethanolic extract of the vegetable.Fermentation significantly increased (i) the quantities of total polyphenols from 8.54 to 10.71 mg GAE/g (ii) sulforaphane from 960.8 ± 41.76 to 1777 ± 45.95 μg/g, and (iii) antioxidant capacity from 61.99 to 67.37 % respectively, and antinutritional factors oxalate and tannin content significantly reduced by 49 % and 29.83 % respectively. Fermented kale extract exhibited potent anti-inflammatory effects in macrophages by reducing the iNOS expression by 84.3% and TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 mRNA levels by 62, 68, and 85.5 %, respectively. Fermenting kale changed the surface microbiota by reducing the population of the inflammation-inducing Proteobacteria while increasing health-promoting Firmicutes; including Lactobacillus. All fermentation methods had a beneficial impact compared to the unfermented control, but the mixed culture of L. lactis and L. acidophilus was the most effective.In summary, fermenting enhanced the health benefits of kale by increasing the concentration of total polyphenol, sulforaphane content, antioxidant capacity, anti-inflammation capacity, and reducing the quantity of anti-nutritional factors. Furthermore, it promoted the prebiotic and/or probiotic vehicle properties of the vegetable by changing the proportion of beneficial bacteria and those associated with inflammation.
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