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Assessment of the Biotic Degradation on the Fate of Tire and Road Wear Particles in Soil.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Assessment of the Biotic Degradation on the Fate of Tire and Road Wear Particles in Soil./
作者:	Moosavian, Seyed Kasra.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (194 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-02B.
標題:	Civil engineering. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798380100465

Assessment of the Biotic Degradation on the Fate of Tire and Road Wear Particles in Soil.
Moosavian, Seyed Kasra.

Assessment of the Biotic Degradation on the Fate of Tire and Road Wear Particles in Soil. - 1 online resource (194 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02, Section: B.

Thesis (Eng.D.)--The University of Akron, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Tire and Road Wear Particles (TRWP) are formed during normal wear due to friction between vehicle tires and pavement surface. The heat generated by friction can alter the chemical composition of the tire tread, which combines with minerals from the road surface to create complex particles with polymer origin. A tire loses more than 30% mass over its lifetime which leads to the generation of TRWP. Estimates show around 1,120,000 tons of TRWP released each year in the United States alone, while European Union (EU) releases 1,327,000 tons per year combined. A portion of these particles is washed away by stormwater and ends up in aquatic ecosystems, while the majority of TRWP is deposited in the soil near major roadways. TRWP in soil undergoes both biotic and abiotic degradation. It has been proven that some bacteria can metabolize the carbon content of polymers in tire rubber as a nutrient through enzymatic reactions and turn it into biomass and energy. The overall objective of this study is to investigate the biotic degradation of TRWP in aerobic conditions of the uppermost layer of soil. Biostimulation and bioaugmentation as the two main methods of biodegradation were used to accelerate TRWP degradation. Two distinct microbial categories, indigenous and foreign cultures of bacteria were used for the investigation of bioaugmentation of rubber particle degradation. Indigenous bacteria were cultured and enriched from roadside soil samples. Four strains of rubber-degrader bacteria including Gordonia westfalica, Gordonia polyisoprenivorans, Nocardia, and Pseudomonas were acquired to form a consortium capable of degrading TRWP with natural and synthetic rubber origin. Aerobic biodegradation was investigated by a series of respirometer experiments to indirectly compare bacterial activity in samples by measuring the difference between oxygen consumption. Bacterial populations were estimated by the most probable number (MPN) method after each experiment. GC-MS technique was selected for the identification and quantification of degradation intermediates. Different formulations of polymer used in tire tread were selected to replicate TRWP material. Several hydrocarbon compounds including ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and ester functional groups were detected as biodegradation intermediates of rubber elastomers. Several transformation products of other compounds in rubber formulation such as curing agents, accelerators, antioxidants, and processing oil were identified as evidence of biodegradation. In general, rubber particles with natural rubber origin yielded more degradation intermediates; therefore, a tire with natural rubber composition is more susceptible to biotic degradation. Also, an acclimated foreign consortium of bacteria, which were composed of rubber degrader strains, was far more effective in the biological degradation of rubber particles in comparison to cultured and acclimated indigenous bacteria with roadside soil samples origin.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798380100465Subjects--Topical Terms:

561339
Civil engineering.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Vehicle tiresIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Assessment of the Biotic Degradation on the Fate of Tire and Road Wear Particles in Soil.
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520 $a Tire and Road Wear Particles (TRWP) are formed during normal wear due to friction between vehicle tires and pavement surface. The heat generated by friction can alter the chemical composition of the tire tread, which combines with minerals from the road surface to create complex particles with polymer origin. A tire loses more than 30% mass over its lifetime which leads to the generation of TRWP. Estimates show around 1,120,000 tons of TRWP released each year in the United States alone, while European Union (EU) releases 1,327,000 tons per year combined. A portion of these particles is washed away by stormwater and ends up in aquatic ecosystems, while the majority of TRWP is deposited in the soil near major roadways. TRWP in soil undergoes both biotic and abiotic degradation. It has been proven that some bacteria can metabolize the carbon content of polymers in tire rubber as a nutrient through enzymatic reactions and turn it into biomass and energy. The overall objective of this study is to investigate the biotic degradation of TRWP in aerobic conditions of the uppermost layer of soil. Biostimulation and bioaugmentation as the two main methods of biodegradation were used to accelerate TRWP degradation. Two distinct microbial categories, indigenous and foreign cultures of bacteria were used for the investigation of bioaugmentation of rubber particle degradation. Indigenous bacteria were cultured and enriched from roadside soil samples. Four strains of rubber-degrader bacteria including Gordonia westfalica, Gordonia polyisoprenivorans, Nocardia, and Pseudomonas were acquired to form a consortium capable of degrading TRWP with natural and synthetic rubber origin. Aerobic biodegradation was investigated by a series of respirometer experiments to indirectly compare bacterial activity in samples by measuring the difference between oxygen consumption. Bacterial populations were estimated by the most probable number (MPN) method after each experiment. GC-MS technique was selected for the identification and quantification of degradation intermediates. Different formulations of polymer used in tire tread were selected to replicate TRWP material. Several hydrocarbon compounds including ketone, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, and ester functional groups were detected as biodegradation intermediates of rubber elastomers. Several transformation products of other compounds in rubber formulation such as curing agents, accelerators, antioxidants, and processing oil were identified as evidence of biodegradation. In general, rubber particles with natural rubber origin yielded more degradation intermediates; therefore, a tire with natural rubber composition is more susceptible to biotic degradation. Also, an acclimated foreign consortium of bacteria, which were composed of rubber degrader strains, was far more effective in the biological degradation of rubber particles in comparison to cultured and acclimated indigenous bacteria with roadside soil samples origin.
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