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Cognition, Cortisol, and ACTH in Melancholic Depression.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Cognition, Cortisol, and ACTH in Melancholic Depression./
Author:	Gonzalez, Juan P.
Description:	1 online resource (116 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-04B.
Subject:	Clinical psychology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798380588010

Cognition, Cortisol, and ACTH in Melancholic Depression.
Gonzalez, Juan P.

Cognition, Cortisol, and ACTH in Melancholic Depression. - 1 online resource (116 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-04, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Palo Alto University, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Major depressive disorder (MDD) impacts about eight percent of adults in the United States (Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, 2019) with an estimated 21% of those meeting Diagnostic Statistical Manual (DSM) criteria for melancholic features (Tondo et al., 2020). Melancholic depression is characterized by deficits in processing speed and psychomotor functioning, attention, unstructured verbal learning and memory, visual associative memory, inhibition, and novel problem-solving (e.g., Bosaipo et al., 2017; Day et al., 2015). The literature thus far does not provide much information about the influence that adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol levels have on cognition and whether there are significant differences in the role each of these hormones play in the cognition of depressed individuals. Thus, this study aims to examine the impact of cortisol and ACTH on executive function and verbal memory.Seventy-one participants (50 with non-melancholic and 21 with melancholic depression) were taken from archival data from the Depression Research Clinic at Stanford University's School of Medicine. Executive function and verbal memory were assessed with the Trail Making Test Part-B, Stroop Color-Word, and the California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition.Regression analyses indicated that evening cortisol was a more significant predictor of executive and verbal memory functioning in the whole sample, or in the non-melancholic group when split by diagnostic samples. Regressions failed to provide significant findings for early morning cortisol and evening/early morning ACTH levels; however, significant correlations were observed with early morning ACTH and Part B of TMT performance in the melancholic diagnostic group and with early morning cortisol and CVLT short-delay in the non-melancholic diagnostic group. This study did not indicate that cognitive performance was more negatively impacted by ACTH levels compared to cortisol levels. Results were limited by the small sample size and the difference in sample sizes among diagnostic groups. Future studies should examine other cognitive domains, include healthy controls, measure stress and sleep-quality, and analyze executive and verbal memory function to better understand cortisol levels' complex relationship with cognitive performance. Clinicians should consider adjusting treatment for depressed patients with reduced cognitive performance, regardless of depression severity, and consider fluctuations in cognitive functioning throughout the day.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798380588010Subjects--Topical Terms:

649607
Clinical psychology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Cognitive functioningIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Cognition, Cortisol, and ACTH in Melancholic Depression.
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