國立虎尾科技大學 |

Systemic Bias in Sentencing and Risk Assessments : = A Systematic Review.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Systemic Bias in Sentencing and Risk Assessments :/
其他題名:	A Systematic Review.
作者:	Verduzco, Griselda.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (80 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-08, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-08B.
標題:	Psychology. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798381695809

Systemic Bias in Sentencing and Risk Assessments : = A Systematic Review.
Verduzco, Griselda.

Systemic Bias in Sentencing and Risk Assessments :A Systematic Review. - 1 online resource (80 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-08, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Alliant International University, 2024.

Includes bibliographical references

Some data shows that potential racial injustice may exist in the United States concerning the operation of the criminal justice system. There is, for example, ample evidence that individuals from minority populations are likely to receive harsher sentences than their white counterparts. Additionally, there have been many well-known cases where White people have received lesser sentencing than their Black and Hispanic/ Latino counterparts. Risk assessments are a tool that is used in the criminal justice system to determine an individual's risk and likelihood of reoffending. There is a debate on their use in sentencing, with some prioritizing the crime's severity while others advocate for their predictive value. However, the inclusion of socioeconomic factors and ethnicity in most risk assessments has been criticized as potentially biased against minorities. Researchers argue there is a need for more research regarding race disparity and inequality surrounding risk assessments, and this dissertation utilized a systematic review to discover potential racial bias in risk assessment. This systematic review aims to explore whether there is racial bias in forensic risk assessments. A systematic review allows the opportunity to evaluate and statistically combine the themes of similar studies involving these assessment types. This researcher hypothesized that a significant bias would be found in risk assessments congruent with the current literature. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were thirty articles chosen for this study. Variable characteristics of interest were broken down into categorical data and coded by the researcher utilizing two distinct coding manuals. A binomial was conducted on all variables with a chance level of .5 or .7. To ensure accuracy in this study, a .5 chance level was used as a conservative number for variables that did not have clear publication guidelines but were still necessary for the research. Additionally, this research followed the stricter .7 chance value per guidelines for reporting on ethnicity and race in medical and science journals. Many articles failed to report enough demographic data to compare risk assessments among different ethnicities, and over half of the articles analyzed had a population sample where more than half of the population was White. This discovery is concerning as it raises questions about the generalizability of the validity of risk assessments to other races or ethnicities. Another concerning finding was that many articles failed to follow the specific guidelines outlined for scientific articles when discussing ethnicity and race. These findings suggest strongly that journal publishers should enforce these stricter guidelines before publishing research studies. It is essential to impose more rigorous journal requirements to improve the quality of research.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798381695809Subjects--Topical Terms:

555998
Psychology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Racial biasIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Systemic Bias in Sentencing and Risk Assessments : = A Systematic Review.
LDR:04225ntm a22003857 4500 001 1152642
005 20241209114619.5
006 m o d
007 cr mn ---uuuuu
008 250605s2024 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9798381695809
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI30992581
035 $a AAI30992581
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ $d NTU
100 1 $a Verduzco, Griselda. $3 1479695
245 1 0 $a Systemic Bias in Sentencing and Risk Assessments : $b A Systematic Review.
264 0 $c 2024
300 $a 1 online resource (80 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-08, Section: B.
500 $a Advisor: Bekerian, Debra.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Alliant International University, 2024.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Some data shows that potential racial injustice may exist in the United States concerning the operation of the criminal justice system. There is, for example, ample evidence that individuals from minority populations are likely to receive harsher sentences than their white counterparts. Additionally, there have been many well-known cases where White people have received lesser sentencing than their Black and Hispanic/ Latino counterparts. Risk assessments are a tool that is used in the criminal justice system to determine an individual's risk and likelihood of reoffending. There is a debate on their use in sentencing, with some prioritizing the crime's severity while others advocate for their predictive value. However, the inclusion of socioeconomic factors and ethnicity in most risk assessments has been criticized as potentially biased against minorities. Researchers argue there is a need for more research regarding race disparity and inequality surrounding risk assessments, and this dissertation utilized a systematic review to discover potential racial bias in risk assessment. This systematic review aims to explore whether there is racial bias in forensic risk assessments. A systematic review allows the opportunity to evaluate and statistically combine the themes of similar studies involving these assessment types. This researcher hypothesized that a significant bias would be found in risk assessments congruent with the current literature. After the inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were thirty articles chosen for this study. Variable characteristics of interest were broken down into categorical data and coded by the researcher utilizing two distinct coding manuals. A binomial was conducted on all variables with a chance level of .5 or .7. To ensure accuracy in this study, a .5 chance level was used as a conservative number for variables that did not have clear publication guidelines but were still necessary for the research. Additionally, this research followed the stricter .7 chance value per guidelines for reporting on ethnicity and race in medical and science journals. Many articles failed to report enough demographic data to compare risk assessments among different ethnicities, and over half of the articles analyzed had a population sample where more than half of the population was White. This discovery is concerning as it raises questions about the generalizability of the validity of risk assessments to other races or ethnicities. Another concerning finding was that many articles failed to follow the specific guidelines outlined for scientific articles when discussing ethnicity and race. These findings suggest strongly that journal publishers should enforce these stricter guidelines before publishing research studies. It is essential to impose more rigorous journal requirements to improve the quality of research.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2024
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Psychology. $3 555998
650 4 $a Law. $3 671705
650 4 $a Ethnic studies. $2 bicssc $3 809601
653 $a Racial bias
653 $a Risk assessments
653 $a Systematic review
653 $a Violence assessments
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0631
690 $a 0398
690 $a 0621
710 2 $a Alliant International University. $b Fresno, CSPP. $3 1188326
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
773 0 $t Dissertations Abstracts International $g 85-08B.
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=30992581 $z click for full text (PQDT)