國立虎尾科技大學 |

Modeling Bioenergy Agroecosystems for Climate Change Mitigation and Vulnerability Assessment.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Modeling Bioenergy Agroecosystems for Climate Change Mitigation and Vulnerability Assessment./
作者:	Kent, Jeffrey.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (226 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-11B(E).
標題:	Climate change. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781369868517

Modeling Bioenergy Agroecosystems for Climate Change Mitigation and Vulnerability Assessment.
Kent, Jeffrey.

Modeling Bioenergy Agroecosystems for Climate Change Mitigation and Vulnerability Assessment. - 1 online resource (226 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)

Includes bibliographical references

Agriculture is a major driver of anthropogenic climate change while also directly bearing its impacts. In addition to emissions related to farm operations and inputs, substantial greenhouse gases are released from cropland soils. These include carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes due to long-term changes in soil organic carbon pools, and nitrous oxide (N 2O) produced by soil microbes primarily from excess nitrogen (N) fertilizer not assimilated by crops.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781369868517Subjects--Topical Terms:

1009004
Climate change.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Modeling Bioenergy Agroecosystems for Climate Change Mitigation and Vulnerability Assessment.
LDR:04841ntm a2200433Ki 4500 001 910905
005 20180517120324.5
006 m o u
007 cr mn||||a|a||
008 190606s2017 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9781369868517
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI10263345
035 $a (MiAaPQ)colostate:14128
035 $a AAI10263345
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ
099 $a TUL $f hyy $c available through World Wide Web
100 1 $a Kent, Jeffrey. $3 1182418
245 1 0 $a Modeling Bioenergy Agroecosystems for Climate Change Mitigation and Vulnerability Assessment.
264 0 $c 2017
300 $a 1 online resource (226 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Keith Paustian.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.) $c Colorado State University $d 2017.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Agriculture is a major driver of anthropogenic climate change while also directly bearing its impacts. In addition to emissions related to farm operations and inputs, substantial greenhouse gases are released from cropland soils. These include carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes due to long-term changes in soil organic carbon pools, and nitrous oxide (N 2O) produced by soil microbes primarily from excess nitrogen (N) fertilizer not assimilated by crops.
520 $a Agricultural bioenergy systems are expected to produce liquid fuels with lower life-cycle emissions than gasoline. Current US policy specifies several emissions reduction tiers for biomass-derived liquid fuels, ranging from 20% lower than gasoline for corn grain ethanol to 60% lower for ethanol made from perennial grasses or agricultural residues. While these tiers are based on detailed life-cycle assessments of "average" production conditions, they fail to convey the potentially large variability in emissions arising from farm management and biophysical factors.
520 $a The first half of this dissertation uses a survey of management practices from suppliers of corn grain to a biorefinery in the US Midwest to explore the magnitude and sources of this variability. The first phase of that study finds that feedstock from most of the farms would achieve the statutory threshold of 20%, but that best-performing farms may be producing grain that would lead to fuel with 50% lower life-cycle emissions than gasoline. Key management practices identified are tillage intensity, efficient N fertilizer use and application of livestock manure.
520 $a Crop residues, such as corn stover, can also be converted to ethanol. The second part of this study explore the sustainability of corn stover collection for ethanol production by a hypothetical dual-feedstock biorefinery. Stover collection presents a tradeoff: when used to produce ethanol, it displaces emissions from gasoline, but at the cost of less soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation. Still, soils on these farms could sustain relatively high stover collection rates without net SOC losses or erosion, especially in the context of manure application and reduced tillage intensity.
520 $a Climate change entails two major phenomena---increasing atmospheric [CO2] and increasing extreme high temperatures---likely to have opposing impacts on agricultural productivity, and these impacts will tend to increase over the course of the 21st Century. Chapter 4 of this work reviews the current understanding of crop responses to elevated atmospheric [CO2] and extreme heat as determined from agronomic studies and analyses of historical climate-yield data. It summarizes consensus findings and presents emerging topics in need of further research, and compares the state of knowledge with the simulation approaches employed by several major crop models.
520 $a The increasing atmospheric [CO2] that largely drives climate change supports increased rates of photosynthesis in C3 plants and improved water use efficiency in all plant types. The magnitude of this fertilization effect is uncertain, however, and recent free atmospheric CO 2 enrichment (FACE) experiments appear to show reduced gains relative to earlier enclosure experiments. Chapter 5 tests the hypothesis that the algorithm designed to simulate the CO2 effect in the DayCent ecosystem model overestimates crop responses to elevated [CO2] as observed under FACE conditions.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Climate change. $2 bicssc $3 1009004
650 4 $a Agriculture. $3 660421
650 4 $a Biogeochemistry. $3 642004
650 4 $a Ecology. $3 575279
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0404
690 $a 0473
690 $a 0425
690 $a 0329
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a Colorado State University. $b Ecology (Graduate Degree Program). $3 1182419
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 78-11B(E).
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10263345 $z click for full text (PQDT)