國立虎尾科技大學 |

Modeling Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	Modeling Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments./
作者:	Lai, Dayi.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (181 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-12B(E).
標題:	Engineering. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780355089608

Modeling Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments.
Lai, Dayi.

Modeling Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments. - 1 online resource (181 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)

Includes bibliographical references

This investigation first conducted field surveys about outdoor thermal comfort in Tianjin, China by monitoring microclimates and interviewing subjects in a park. Although the outdoor thermal environment varied greatly with air temperature from -5.0 to 34.5°C, a total of 83.3% of respondents considered the overall comfort to be "acceptable". A "slightly warm" sensation was perceived to be the most comfortable during the cold season, "neutral" in the shoulder season, and "slightly cool" in the hot season. This study evaluated the three most widely used thermal comfort models in outdoor thermal comfort studies. The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) overestimated the thermal sensation by 1.3 times. The neutral Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) range found in this study was 11--24°C, which was significantly different from the ranges found in Europe and Taiwan. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) provided a satisfactory prediction of thermal comfort within the scope of our study, but the UTCI thermal sensation range derived in our study differs from the range found in Mediterranean climates. These results indicate that these models are not accurate when predicting outdoor thermal comfort.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780355089608Subjects--Topical Terms:

561152
Engineering.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Modeling Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments.
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100 1 $a Lai, Dayi. $3 1182673
245 1 0 $a Modeling Thermal Comfort in Outdoor Environments.
264 0 $c 2017
300 $a 1 online resource (181 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
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338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Qingyan Chen.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.) $c Purdue University $d 2017.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a This investigation first conducted field surveys about outdoor thermal comfort in Tianjin, China by monitoring microclimates and interviewing subjects in a park. Although the outdoor thermal environment varied greatly with air temperature from -5.0 to 34.5°C, a total of 83.3% of respondents considered the overall comfort to be "acceptable". A "slightly warm" sensation was perceived to be the most comfortable during the cold season, "neutral" in the shoulder season, and "slightly cool" in the hot season. This study evaluated the three most widely used thermal comfort models in outdoor thermal comfort studies. The Predicted Mean Vote (PMV) overestimated the thermal sensation by 1.3 times. The neutral Physiological Equivalent Temperature (PET) range found in this study was 11--24°C, which was significantly different from the ranges found in Europe and Taiwan. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) provided a satisfactory prediction of thermal comfort within the scope of our study, but the UTCI thermal sensation range derived in our study differs from the range found in Mediterranean climates. These results indicate that these models are not accurate when predicting outdoor thermal comfort.
520 $a Previous thermal comfort models can only give a single value prediction of the occupant's thermal comfort. However, due to great spatial and time variability of outdoor thermal environments, the thermal comfort for a group of people in an outdoor space has a wide distribution. To address this issue, this study applied the econometric and statistics method and developed an ordered probability model for outdoor thermal comfort by using the observations obtained from field surveys in Tianjin, China. This model can calculate the thermal sensation vote (TSV) distribution and can thus provide more information than traditional models. Air temperature (Ta), global solar radiation (G), wind speed (Va), the metabolic rate of occupants (MET), clothing (CLO), and the hot day indicator (HOT) were found to significantly affect the TSV distribution. The model performance test shows that the average difference between the predicted and sampled probability for different TSV categories was 2.61%. This model provides a new and more informative tool when studying outdoor thermal comfort.
520 $a The ordered probability model is developed based on statistical method and have no physical and physiological bearing. Thus, it is limited to the region where the data are obtained. To make the prediction of outdoor thermal comfort universally applicable, this study developed a multi-segment model based on heat transfer at various segments. This heat transfer included convection, radiation, and evaporation on bare skin and skin covered with clothing. The model accounts for non-uniform clothing insulation across different body segments with transient heat transfer in the clothing. The heat transfer between two body segments was estimated from blood circulation through counter-current heat exchange. The model allows calculation of complicated radiative heat transfer between the human body and the outdoor thermal environment. The developed model can be applied in a transient and non-uniform outdoor environment. The validity of the model was tested in various indoor and outdoor thermal environment. We conducted human subject tests in Tianjin, China and West Lafayette, United States to collect data for the outdoor validation. Using a total of 26 human subjects in 94 tests under these climatic conditions, this study measured outdoor thermal environmental parameters, monitored subjects' skin temperature, and recorded subjects' thermal sensation. Good agreement was observed between the measured and calculated mean skin temperature. However, the deviation between the predicted and measured local skin temperature under extreme cold condition can be as large as 6 K.
520 $a Finally, a dynamic outdoor thermal sensation model was developed by using the data collected from the human subject tests. Analysis of the test data showed that the thermal load, the mean skin temperature, and the change rate of the mean skin temperature of the subjects tested were the most important parameters affecting their thermal comfort in the outdoor spaces. These three parameters were integrated as predictor variables into a comfort model for predicting the outdoor thermal sensation. The model uses the thermal load to evaluate the thermal environment, and the mean skin temperature, and its change rate to consider dynamic changes in the thermal state of the human body. The validity of the model developed in one region was tested with the use of data obtained from the other region.
520 $a For the future work, to improve the performance of the human heat transfer model in predicting local skin temperatures, more accurate data on local segments' properties should be acquired. Furthermore, a systematic framework of designing comfortable outdoor spaces should be developed. Designers could follow the framework to obtain the required inputs and use the inputs to evaluate the thermal comfort of designed outdoor spaces. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Engineering. $3 561152
650 4 $a Architectural engineering. $3 1180400
650 4 $a Urban planning. $3 1180826
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0537
690 $a 0462
690 $a 0999
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a Purdue University. $b Mechanical Engineering. $3 845672
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 78-12B(E).
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10272335 $z click for full text (PQDT)