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Dynamics of Marine Microbial Metabolism and Physiology at Station ALOHA.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Dynamics of Marine Microbial Metabolism and Physiology at Station ALOHA./
Author:	Casey, John R.
Description:	1 online resource (217 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-01(E), Section: B.
Subject:	Biological oceanography. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780355264470

Dynamics of Marine Microbial Metabolism and Physiology at Station ALOHA.
Casey, John R.

Dynamics of Marine Microbial Metabolism and Physiology at Station ALOHA. - 1 online resource (217 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-01(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2017.

Includes bibliographical references

Marine microbial communities influence global biogeochemical cycles by coupling the transduction of free energy to the transformation of Earth's essential bio-elements: H, C, N, O, P, and S. The web of interactions between these processes is extraordinarily complex, though fundamental physical and thermodynamic principles should describe its dynamics. In this collection of 5 studies, aspects of the complexity of marine microbial metabolism and physiology were investigated as they interact with biogeochemical cycles and direct the flow of energy within the Station ALOHA surface layer microbial community. In Chapter 1, and at the broadest level of complexity discussed, a method to relate cell size to metabolic activity was developed to evaluate allometric power laws at fine scales within picoplankton populations. Although size was predictive of metabolic rates, within-population power laws deviated from the broader size spectrum, suggesting metabolic diversity as a key determinant of microbial activity. In Chapter 2, a set of guidelines was proposed by which organic substrates are selected and utilized by the heterotrophic community based on their nitrogen content, carbon content, and energy content. A hierarchical experimental design suggested that the heterotrophic microbial community prefers high nitrogen content but low energy density substrates, while carbon content was not important. In Chapter 3, a closer look at the light-dependent dynamics of growth on a single organic substrate, glycolate, suggested that growth yields were improved by photoheterotrophy. The remaining chapters were based on the development of a genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus to probe its metabolic capabilities and quantify metabolic fluxes. Findings described in Chapter 4 pointed to evolution of the Prochlorococcus metabolic network to optimize growth at low phosphate concentrations. Finally, in Chapter 5 and at the finest scale of complexity, a method was developed to predict hourly changes in both physiology and metabolic fluxes in Prochlorococcus by incorporating gene expression time-series data within the metabolic network model. Growth rates predicted by this method more closely matched experimental data, and diel changes in elemental composition and the energy content of biomass were predicted. Collectively, these studies identify and quantify the potential impact of variations in metabolic and physiological traits on the melee of microbial community interactions.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780355264470Subjects--Topical Terms:

1178855
Biological oceanography.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Dynamics of Marine Microbial Metabolism and Physiology at Station ALOHA.
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245 1 0 $a Dynamics of Marine Microbial Metabolism and Physiology at Station ALOHA.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-01(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: David Karl.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Hawai'i at Manoa, 2017.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Marine microbial communities influence global biogeochemical cycles by coupling the transduction of free energy to the transformation of Earth's essential bio-elements: H, C, N, O, P, and S. The web of interactions between these processes is extraordinarily complex, though fundamental physical and thermodynamic principles should describe its dynamics. In this collection of 5 studies, aspects of the complexity of marine microbial metabolism and physiology were investigated as they interact with biogeochemical cycles and direct the flow of energy within the Station ALOHA surface layer microbial community. In Chapter 1, and at the broadest level of complexity discussed, a method to relate cell size to metabolic activity was developed to evaluate allometric power laws at fine scales within picoplankton populations. Although size was predictive of metabolic rates, within-population power laws deviated from the broader size spectrum, suggesting metabolic diversity as a key determinant of microbial activity. In Chapter 2, a set of guidelines was proposed by which organic substrates are selected and utilized by the heterotrophic community based on their nitrogen content, carbon content, and energy content. A hierarchical experimental design suggested that the heterotrophic microbial community prefers high nitrogen content but low energy density substrates, while carbon content was not important. In Chapter 3, a closer look at the light-dependent dynamics of growth on a single organic substrate, glycolate, suggested that growth yields were improved by photoheterotrophy. The remaining chapters were based on the development of a genome-scale metabolic network reconstruction of the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus to probe its metabolic capabilities and quantify metabolic fluxes. Findings described in Chapter 4 pointed to evolution of the Prochlorococcus metabolic network to optimize growth at low phosphate concentrations. Finally, in Chapter 5 and at the finest scale of complexity, a method was developed to predict hourly changes in both physiology and metabolic fluxes in Prochlorococcus by incorporating gene expression time-series data within the metabolic network model. Growth rates predicted by this method more closely matched experimental data, and diel changes in elemental composition and the energy content of biomass were predicted. Collectively, these studies identify and quantify the potential impact of variations in metabolic and physiological traits on the melee of microbial community interactions.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Biological oceanography. $3 1178855
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0416
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a University of Hawai'i at Manoa. $b Oceanography. $3 1186192
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