國立虎尾科技大學 |

Genetic contributions to the evolution of human brain traits.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Genetic contributions to the evolution of human brain traits./
Author:	Boyd, Jonathan Lomax.
Description:	1 online resource (124 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-04(E), Section: B.
Subject:	Genetics. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781321415322

Genetic contributions to the evolution of human brain traits.
Boyd, Jonathan Lomax.

Genetic contributions to the evolution of human brain traits. - 1 online resource (124 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-04(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 2014.

Includes bibliographical references

The neocortex expanded spectacularly during human origins. That expansion is thought to form the foundation for our cognitive faculties underlying abstract reasoning and socialization. The human neocortex differs from that of other great apes in several notable regards including altered cell cycle, prolonged corticogenesis, and massively increased size. However, despite decades of effort, little progress has been made in uncovering the genetic contributions that underlie these differences that distinguish our species from closely related primate, such as chimpanzees. A subset of highly conserved non-coding regions that show rapid sequence changes along the human lineage are candidate loci for the development and evolution of uniquely human traits. Several studies have identified human-accelerated enhancers, but none have linked an expression difference to a organismal traits, such as brain sizes. Here we report the discovery of a human-accelerated regulatory enhancer (HARE5) near the Wnt receptor FRIZZLED-8 (FZD8). Using a variety of approaches, we demonstrate dramatic differences in human and chimpanzee HARE5 activity, with human HARE5 driving significantly strong expression. We show that HARE5 likely regulates FZD8 and that expression differences influence cell cycle kinetics, cortical layers, and brain size. At present, this would provide the first evidence of a human-chimpanzee genetic difference influencing the evolution of brain size.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781321415322Subjects--Topical Terms:

578972
Genetics.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Genetic contributions to the evolution of human brain traits.
LDR:02637ntm a2200337K 4500 001 913758
005 20180622095237.5
006 m o u
007 cr mn||||a|a||
008 190606s2014 xx obm 000 0 eng d
020 $a 9781321415322
035 $a (MiAaPQ)AAI3667365
035 $a (MiAaPQ)duke:12685
035 $a AAI3667365
040 $a MiAaPQ $b eng $c MiAaPQ
100 1 $a Boyd, Jonathan Lomax. $3 1186724
245 1 0 $a Genetic contributions to the evolution of human brain traits.
264 0 $c 2014
300 $a 1 online resource (124 pages)
336 $a text $b txt $2 rdacontent
337 $a computer $b c $2 rdamedia
338 $a online resource $b cr $2 rdacarrier
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 76-04(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Gregory A. Wray; Debra L. Silver.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Duke University, 2014.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a The neocortex expanded spectacularly during human origins. That expansion is thought to form the foundation for our cognitive faculties underlying abstract reasoning and socialization. The human neocortex differs from that of other great apes in several notable regards including altered cell cycle, prolonged corticogenesis, and massively increased size. However, despite decades of effort, little progress has been made in uncovering the genetic contributions that underlie these differences that distinguish our species from closely related primate, such as chimpanzees. A subset of highly conserved non-coding regions that show rapid sequence changes along the human lineage are candidate loci for the development and evolution of uniquely human traits. Several studies have identified human-accelerated enhancers, but none have linked an expression difference to a organismal traits, such as brain sizes. Here we report the discovery of a human-accelerated regulatory enhancer (HARE5) near the Wnt receptor FRIZZLED-8 (FZD8). Using a variety of approaches, we demonstrate dramatic differences in human and chimpanzee HARE5 activity, with human HARE5 driving significantly strong expression. We show that HARE5 likely regulates FZD8 and that expression differences influence cell cycle kinetics, cortical layers, and brain size. At present, this would provide the first evidence of a human-chimpanzee genetic difference influencing the evolution of brain size.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Genetics. $3 578972
650 4 $a Evolution & development. $3 1178838
650 4 $a Neurosciences. $3 593561
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0369
690 $a 0412
690 $a 0317
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a Duke University. $b Genetics and Genomics. $3 1186725
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=3667365 $z click for full text (PQDT)