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The Effects of Vermifiltration on Gaseous Emissions and Microbial Communities from Dairy Wastewater.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Effects of Vermifiltration on Gaseous Emissions and Microbial Communities from Dairy Wastewater./
Author:	Lai, Ellen.
Description:	1 online resource (81 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 56-06.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International56-06(E).
Subject:	Animal sciences. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780355151954

The Effects of Vermifiltration on Gaseous Emissions and Microbial Communities from Dairy Wastewater.
Lai, Ellen.

The Effects of Vermifiltration on Gaseous Emissions and Microbial Communities from Dairy Wastewater. - 1 online resource (81 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 56-06.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, Davis, 2017.

Includes bibliographical references

Dairy lagoon water contains high concentrations of nitrogen (N), which has the potential to pollute groundwater and the atmosphere. To reduce N loading of an anaerobic lagoon at a commercial dairy, a pilot- project vermifilter was installed, which used earthworms embedded in woodchips to enhance removal of solids and contaminants. The objective was to mitigate nitrogenous gases, greenhouse gases (GHGs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and criteria pollutants from lagoon water using this new technology. Specifically, emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH4), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and ethanol (EtOH) were measured using Thermo analyzers (Franklin, MA) contained inside a Mobile Agricultural Air Quality Lab. To assess whole filter system performance, emissions were measured from the untreated dairy lagoon water (LAG), as well as from the vermifilter's influent (INF), effluent (EFF), the top (TOP), and bottom (BOT) of the filter. Gases were measured using a flux chamber approach for LAG, INF, and EFF, a triangle wind tunnel for the TOP, and an inlet threaded to the bottom of the filter for BOT. Results for EFF versus INF showed a 90.2% reduction of NH3 emissions without increasing emission of N2O, CO2, CH4, H 2S, and EtOH from the rest of the vermifilter's system. To elucidate a biological basis for the observed emissions, we examined how the vermifilter affected microbial communities in the wastewater using next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The vermifilter increased the relative abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying microbes, which aligns with the reduction in NH 3 and lack of N2O emissions. The vermifilter's ability to reduce nutrient loading and subsequent NH3 emissions without producing other detrimental gaseous emissions needs to be replicated across more dairy operations. However, this new technology has the potential to be a viable candidate for N removal particularly in regions like the San Joaquin Valley of California, where dairy air and water quality issues are strictly regulated.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780355151954Subjects--Topical Terms:

1178863
Animal sciences.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

The Effects of Vermifiltration on Gaseous Emissions and Microbial Communities from Dairy Wastewater.
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502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--University of California, Davis, 2017.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Dairy lagoon water contains high concentrations of nitrogen (N), which has the potential to pollute groundwater and the atmosphere. To reduce N loading of an anaerobic lagoon at a commercial dairy, a pilot- project vermifilter was installed, which used earthworms embedded in woodchips to enhance removal of solids and contaminants. The objective was to mitigate nitrogenous gases, greenhouse gases (GHGs), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and criteria pollutants from lagoon water using this new technology. Specifically, emissions of ammonia (NH3), nitrous oxide (N2O), carbon dioxide (CO 2), methane (CH4), hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and ethanol (EtOH) were measured using Thermo analyzers (Franklin, MA) contained inside a Mobile Agricultural Air Quality Lab. To assess whole filter system performance, emissions were measured from the untreated dairy lagoon water (LAG), as well as from the vermifilter's influent (INF), effluent (EFF), the top (TOP), and bottom (BOT) of the filter. Gases were measured using a flux chamber approach for LAG, INF, and EFF, a triangle wind tunnel for the TOP, and an inlet threaded to the bottom of the filter for BOT. Results for EFF versus INF showed a 90.2% reduction of NH3 emissions without increasing emission of N2O, CO2, CH4, H 2S, and EtOH from the rest of the vermifilter's system. To elucidate a biological basis for the observed emissions, we examined how the vermifilter affected microbial communities in the wastewater using next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. The vermifilter increased the relative abundance of nitrifying and denitrifying microbes, which aligns with the reduction in NH 3 and lack of N2O emissions. The vermifilter's ability to reduce nutrient loading and subsequent NH3 emissions without producing other detrimental gaseous emissions needs to be replicated across more dairy operations. However, this new technology has the potential to be a viable candidate for N removal particularly in regions like the San Joaquin Valley of California, where dairy air and water quality issues are strictly regulated.
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