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A Treatment Approach for Remediation of Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Contaminated Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon.

紀錄類型:	書目-語言資料,手稿 : Monograph/item
正題名/作者:	A Treatment Approach for Remediation of Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Contaminated Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon./
作者:	Siriwardena, Dinusha Prasadani.
面頁冊數:	1 online resource (164 pages)
附註:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-12B(E).
標題:	Environmental science. -
電子資源:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780355102895

A Treatment Approach for Remediation of Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Contaminated Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon.
Siriwardena, Dinusha Prasadani.

A Treatment Approach for Remediation of Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Contaminated Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon. - 1 online resource (164 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Clarkson University, 2017.

Includes bibliographical references

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging and persistence organic pollutants that have been detected in many environmental media, humans, and wildlife. They have been detected at higher concentrations exceeding regulatory standards in groundwater surrounding firefighting and training facilities. Conventional water treatment techniques and remediation strategies are ineffective for the treatment and removal of PFASs and novel treatment technologies showing a promising outcome to treat PFASs with some limitations. The primary goals of this research were to identify and understand the gaps between the state of science for treating PFASs and the state of practice, advanced understanding of carbon sorption for PFAS and advanced ability of carbon to sorb PFAS. The state of science was get through literature review of available technologies for removing PFASs from contaminated water and state of practice through surveying knowledge and perceptions of stakeholders including state and federal regulators, industry representatives, consultants, and technology vendors. As per the results of survey, stakeholders identify carbon sources as promising technique to treat PFASs.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780355102895Subjects--Topical Terms:

1179128
Environmental science.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

A Treatment Approach for Remediation of Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Contaminated Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon.
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245 1 2 $a A Treatment Approach for Remediation of Per/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Contaminated Groundwater Using Granular Activated Carbon.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-12(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Michelle Crimi.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Clarkson University, 2017.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are emerging and persistence organic pollutants that have been detected in many environmental media, humans, and wildlife. They have been detected at higher concentrations exceeding regulatory standards in groundwater surrounding firefighting and training facilities. Conventional water treatment techniques and remediation strategies are ineffective for the treatment and removal of PFASs and novel treatment technologies showing a promising outcome to treat PFASs with some limitations. The primary goals of this research were to identify and understand the gaps between the state of science for treating PFASs and the state of practice, advanced understanding of carbon sorption for PFAS and advanced ability of carbon to sorb PFAS. The state of science was get through literature review of available technologies for removing PFASs from contaminated water and state of practice through surveying knowledge and perceptions of stakeholders including state and federal regulators, industry representatives, consultants, and technology vendors. As per the results of survey, stakeholders identify carbon sources as promising technique to treat PFASs.
520 $a Focused on granular activated carbon (GAC) sorption, five Calgon Corporation coal based GAC (F100, F200, F816, F300, and F400), one coconut based GAC (CBC- OLC 12x30), and one Jacobi Corporation coal based GAC (Omni-G 12x40), which are suitable for adsorption of PFASs were characterized. Sorption data from preliminary experiments using high PFAS concentration (500 mg/L) of each perfluorooctanoic acids (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS) were fit to sorption isotherm models to down select the most favorable carbon sources. F400 and CBC were chosen based on those results and Frendluich and Langmuir isotherm models were developed for PFOA and PFOS at a lower, more environmentally relevant initial concentration (1 mg/L). The influence of groundwater co-contaminants and conditions on sorption was also investigated. GAC surfaces were modified by treatment with acid (HCl), base (NaOH), heat activated persulfate (PS), and hydrogen peroxide catalyzed with iron (H2O2/Fe) in order to improve PFOA and PFHxS sorption onto GAC. The extent of sorption, changes in GAC surfaces, and the physical and chemical characteristics of treated GAC were compared with untreated GAC. Several characterization techniques, including BET surface area, pH of point zero charge, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with elemental analysis, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to analyze the difference between treated and untreated GAC. Sorption results were related to changes in carbon physical and chemical characteristics.
520 $a A comparison of sorption capacities of F400 GAC and CBC GAC was determined for PFOA and PFOS both individually and in mixture using isotherm parameters. Individual compounds showed higher sorption than when present in mixture for both PFOA and PFOS with PFOS showing higher sorption in both situations. F400 GAC showed a maximum adsorption capacity for PFASs removal than CBC. The presence of co-contaminants (kerosene, trichloroethylene (TCE), and ethanol), and variations in groundwater conditions (pH, presence of SO4--2 anions, NOM, and iron oxides) demonstrated limited effects on the sorption behavior of PFASs onto GAC under all experimental conditions tested. Acid treated GAC showed a greater extent of sorption, there was no significant change in the NaOH treated GAC while PS and H2O2/Fe treated GAC showed a decrease in sorption of PFHxS and PFOA. Lower BET surface area was seen in treated GAC when compared to untreated GAC, which is the main physical property responsible for decreased the sorption. It was found that surface oxygen functional groups increased with treatments and decreased with the hydrophobicity of GAC surface which resulted in decreased PFAS sorption.
520 $a The results of this research would lead to develop a low-cost, sustainable, long term approach for remediating PFASs under various contaminated site conditions and presence of co-contaminants. Outcomes of the literature reviews of promising treatment technologies along with the survey among relevant practitioners are also evident this idea. Moreover, this research allows a better understanding of how the physical and chemical characteristics of GAC surfaces affect PFAS sorption and ways to improve those characteristics to optimize the sorption capacity of GAC.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
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650 4 $a Environmental engineering. $3 557376
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