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Reasoning with Pseudowords : = How Properties of Novel Verbal Stimuli Influence Item Difficulty and Linguistic-Group Score Differences on Cognitive Ability Assessments.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Reasoning with Pseudowords :/
Reminder of title:	How Properties of Novel Verbal Stimuli Influence Item Difficulty and Linguistic-Group Score Differences on Cognitive Ability Assessments.
Author:	Agnello, Paul.
Description:	1 online resource (187 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-07(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International79-07B(E).
Subject:	Psychology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9780355670011

Reasoning with Pseudowords : = How Properties of Novel Verbal Stimuli Influence Item Difficulty and Linguistic-Group Score Differences on Cognitive Ability Assessments.
Agnello, Paul.

Reasoning with Pseudowords :How Properties of Novel Verbal Stimuli Influence Item Difficulty and Linguistic-Group Score Differences on Cognitive Ability Assessments. - 1 online resource (187 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 79-07(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--City University of New York, 2018.

Includes bibliographical references

Pseudowords (words that are not real but resemble real words in a language) have been used increasingly as a technique to reduce contamination due to construct-irrelevant variance in assessments of verbal fluid reasoning (Gf). However, despite pseudowords being researched heavily in other psychology sub-disciplines, they have received little attention in cognitive ability testing contexts. Thus, there has been an assumption that all pseudowords work equally and work equally well for all test-takers. The current research examined three objectives with the first being whether changes to the pseudoword properties of length and wordlikeness (how much a pseudoword resembles a typical or common word in English) led to changes in item difficulty on verbal Gf items. The second objective was whether boundary conditions existed such that changes to pseudoword properties would differentially impact two linguistic sub-groups of participants---those who have English as their dominant language and those who do not have English as their dominant language. The last objective was to index and explore performance on these verbal Gf items when pseudowords were replaced with real words. Hypotheses predicting how pseudoword properties influenced item difficulty, how stimulie type---pseudoword or real word, impacted performance across linguistic sub-groups, and how linguistic sub-group status interacted with pseudoword properties were tested. Four sets of pseudowords were developed---short and wordlike, long and wordlike, short and un-wordlike, and long and un-wordlike, as well as two sets of real words---short and wordlike, and long and un-wordlike. Sixteen verbal Gf items, adapted from the LSAT, were developed to accommodate the pseudowords or real words and explore these three objectives. While none of the hypotheses were statistically significant, the results did indicate further areas of exploration. Specifically, verbal Gf items were easier when they featured longer pseudowords and more difficult when they featured un-wordlike pseudowords. Additionally, while performance of English-non-dominant participants was fairly balanced across real and pseudoword sets, English-dominant participants performed better on items featuring real words. Similarly, linguistic status interacted with wordlikeness such that English-dominant participants featured a decrease in performance as pseudowords moved from wordlike to un-wordlike. A full discussion of the findings, their implications, limitations of the current study, and directions for future research are included.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9780355670011Subjects--Topical Terms:

555998
Psychology.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Reasoning with Pseudowords : = How Properties of Novel Verbal Stimuli Influence Item Difficulty and Linguistic-Group Score Differences on Cognitive Ability Assessments.
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520 $a Pseudowords (words that are not real but resemble real words in a language) have been used increasingly as a technique to reduce contamination due to construct-irrelevant variance in assessments of verbal fluid reasoning (Gf). However, despite pseudowords being researched heavily in other psychology sub-disciplines, they have received little attention in cognitive ability testing contexts. Thus, there has been an assumption that all pseudowords work equally and work equally well for all test-takers. The current research examined three objectives with the first being whether changes to the pseudoword properties of length and wordlikeness (how much a pseudoword resembles a typical or common word in English) led to changes in item difficulty on verbal Gf items. The second objective was whether boundary conditions existed such that changes to pseudoword properties would differentially impact two linguistic sub-groups of participants---those who have English as their dominant language and those who do not have English as their dominant language. The last objective was to index and explore performance on these verbal Gf items when pseudowords were replaced with real words. Hypotheses predicting how pseudoword properties influenced item difficulty, how stimulie type---pseudoword or real word, impacted performance across linguistic sub-groups, and how linguistic sub-group status interacted with pseudoword properties were tested. Four sets of pseudowords were developed---short and wordlike, long and wordlike, short and un-wordlike, and long and un-wordlike, as well as two sets of real words---short and wordlike, and long and un-wordlike. Sixteen verbal Gf items, adapted from the LSAT, were developed to accommodate the pseudowords or real words and explore these three objectives. While none of the hypotheses were statistically significant, the results did indicate further areas of exploration. Specifically, verbal Gf items were easier when they featured longer pseudowords and more difficult when they featured un-wordlike pseudowords. Additionally, while performance of English-non-dominant participants was fairly balanced across real and pseudoword sets, English-dominant participants performed better on items featuring real words. Similarly, linguistic status interacted with wordlikeness such that English-dominant participants featured a decrease in performance as pseudowords moved from wordlike to un-wordlike. A full discussion of the findings, their implications, limitations of the current study, and directions for future research are included.
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