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The Potential for Native New Mexico Fruits as Dye Sensitizers in 3rd Generation Nanocrystalline Solar Cells.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Potential for Native New Mexico Fruits as Dye Sensitizers in 3rd Generation Nanocrystalline Solar Cells./
Author:	Obi, Kenneth.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	120 p.
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 58-01.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International58-01(E).
Subject:	Engineering. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10829016
ISBN:	9780438320970

The Potential for Native New Mexico Fruits as Dye Sensitizers in 3rd Generation Nanocrystalline Solar Cells.
Obi, Kenneth.

The Potential for Native New Mexico Fruits as Dye Sensitizers in 3rd Generation Nanocrystalline Solar Cells. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 120 p.

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 58-01.

Thesis (M.S.)--New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 2018.

Third generation photovoltaics (PVs) include a type of cell called the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), with simple production processing and potential for low manufacturing cost. This solar cell design is a deviation from the conventional solid-state, p-n junction; instead, the DSSC is a photo-electrochemical cell created by using a molecular photo-absorber (dye) in contact with a nano-crystalline, wide band-gap semiconducting ceramic (e.g. TiO2), along with a redox couple electrolyte (typically liquid). Ruthenium dyes so far have produced the best efficiencies (greater than 11%) in DSSCs; however, high cost and environmental implications associated with Ru dyes tend to negate the benefits of DSSCs over the traditional p-n junctions. The economic and environmental advantages of DSSCs might be realized by use of natural dyes as photosensitizers. Chlorophyll, anthocyanin and betalain are the three main natural pigments types that have been investigated as sensitizers for DSSCs.

ISBN: 9780438320970Subjects--Topical Terms:

561152
Engineering.

The Potential for Native New Mexico Fruits as Dye Sensitizers in 3rd Generation Nanocrystalline Solar Cells.
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245 1 4 $a The Potential for Native New Mexico Fruits as Dye Sensitizers in 3rd Generation Nanocrystalline Solar Cells.
260 1 $a Ann Arbor : $b ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, $c 2018
300 $a 120 p.
500 $a Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 58-01.
500 $a Adviser: Paul Fuierer.
502 $a Thesis (M.S.)--New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology, 2018.
520 $a Third generation photovoltaics (PVs) include a type of cell called the dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC), with simple production processing and potential for low manufacturing cost. This solar cell design is a deviation from the conventional solid-state, p-n junction; instead, the DSSC is a photo-electrochemical cell created by using a molecular photo-absorber (dye) in contact with a nano-crystalline, wide band-gap semiconducting ceramic (e.g. TiO2), along with a redox couple electrolyte (typically liquid). Ruthenium dyes so far have produced the best efficiencies (greater than 11%) in DSSCs; however, high cost and environmental implications associated with Ru dyes tend to negate the benefits of DSSCs over the traditional p-n junctions. The economic and environmental advantages of DSSCs might be realized by use of natural dyes as photosensitizers. Chlorophyll, anthocyanin and betalain are the three main natural pigments types that have been investigated as sensitizers for DSSCs.
520 $a The goal of this research work was to build a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) utilizing dyes from natural fruits native and/or plentiful to the state of New Mexico. The novelty of the study is the examination and characterization of two dyes extracted from fruits determined to be of species Opuntia phaeacantha (prickly pear) and Morus rubra (mulberry). Optical characterization by UV-spectroscopy of these fruit extracts revealed high concentrations of betalain in prickly pear and anthocyanin in mulberry. These pigments are responsible for good photo-absorption in the solar spectrum.
520 $a Various techniques were explored in attempts to improve the photovoltaic (PV) performance of the dyes when used as photosensitizers. It is shown that choice of extraction solvent and purification/separation of pigment can affect performance and stability of the PV solar cell. In terms of PV output, 90% methanol / 10% water (by weight) was found to be the best extraction solvent for the prickly pear, while 100% methanol was best for the mulberry. Column chromatography was used to perform purification and pigment separation from the fruit extracts. Separation of the prickly pear extracts yielded three eluates with significant differences in content of the two main pigment molecules, betaxanthin and betanin. With respect to PV output, higher betanin versus betaxanthin is preferred, however highest solar efficiency resulted from the raw extract. Purification of mulberry extracts produced higher concentration of anthocyanin pigment, free of impurities.
520 $a Finally, it was demonstrated that a mixture of fruit extracts (juice cocktail) can be used as a strategy to increase PV output in a DSSC. An overall maximum efficiency of 0.82% was achieved from a 1:1 (by volume) cocktail mixture of anthocyanin and betalain extracts. The improved efficiency of the mixture was attributed to a broadened and increased absorption spectrum due to the synergistic effect of the combined dyes. Cells sensitized with the cocktail mixture also showed better stability than those of betalain alone.
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