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Xun He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) ji ji bo wu xiao yan jiu Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History = = Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Xun He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) ji ji bo wu xiao yan jiu Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History =/
Reminder of title:	Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History.
remainder title:	Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History
Author:	Chang, An-Li.
Description:	1 online resource (151 pages)
Notes:	Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02.
Contained By:	Masters Abstracts International85-02.
Subject:	History. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798379932374

Xun He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) ji ji bo wu xiao yan jiu Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History = = Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History.
Chang, An-Li.

Xun He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) ji ji bo wu xiao yan jiu Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History =Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History.Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History - 1 online resource (151 pages)

Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 85-02.

Thesis (M.A.)--National Taiwan Normal University (Taiwan), 2020.

Includes bibliographical references

十九世紀中葉，中英關係劇烈變動，西方博物學亦面臨重要轉型。本文考察身兼博物學家與英國駐臺外交官的郇和，如何側身於十九世紀中英關係與自然學術發展，藉以勾勒出一位西方博物學者在東方從事自然考察的身影。1836年，郇和（也被稱為史溫侯）出生於印度加爾各答，在英國度過求學階段。1854年英國駐華選拔制度改革，郇和因而有機會赴華擔任外交官，在香港、廈門工作。1860年第二次英法聯軍之役，郇和作為翻譯，同英國軍隊深入華北。戰後，郇和被派往臺灣任職，協助開港通商。不過，郇和卸下臺灣一職後，任所漂浮不定，先後被派往澎湖群島、海南島、張家口和長江上游考察。1877年，郇和不幸於四十一歲英年早逝。十九世紀中葉，西方博物學發生重大突破，意即西方博物學朝著近現代自然科學發展。當時學界不但發行採集須知，將研究材料規格化與過程標準化，亦有達爾文發表《物種源起》（On the Origin of Species），提供學界耳目一新的單一起源論，衝擊舊日的多元起源論。與此同時，郇和因執行外交任務而走遍中國大江南北，觀察與搜集了各地的人類和動物，為西方博物學留下了彌足珍貴的一頁。在人類研究上，郇和響應當代英國學者提議的研究途徑，盡其所能提供真實的東亞人類田調記錄。郇和撰寫的臺灣、海南原住民考察文章，分別反映普列哈特與赫胥黎的田調指示。在動物學上，郇和提倡田野現場的重要性。郇和在文章中，時常描寫動物的習性和動作，以跳脫以觀察動物標本為主的動物學研究傳統。也就是說，郇和對上述學術領域規範的服從程度，不能一概而論。一方面，他之所以服膺人類學門的規矩，是因為用於研究人類的材料，多半仰賴採集人在田野觀察到的事實；另一方面，他之所以反抗動物學陳規，是因為他認為，僅見於田野的研究材料不被英國本土動物學者重視。因此，田野經驗能否受到看重，成為郇和挑戰該學術領域與否的關鍵要素。郇和自詡為田野型博物學者，自認不同於坐在歐洲研究小間的櫥櫃型博物學者。總而言之，本文同意郇和對自身的評價。郇和並非傳統定義下的採集人或博物學者，實為採集與研究並行的田野型博物學者。也就是說，本文將不同於傳統博物學史以權威學者為主角的研究取徑，改以重建郇和的生命經歷為討論核心。郇和在從事博物學工作時，面臨什麼樣的學術氛圍與如何在東亞進行田野採集；更重要的是，擁有長期田野工作經驗的郇和，如何對當時西方博物學界提出回應與挑戰。

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798379932374Subjects--Topical Terms:

669538
History.
Subjects--Index Terms:

史溫侯Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Xun He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) ji ji bo wu xiao yan jiu Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History = = Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History.
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504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a 十九世紀中葉，中英關係劇烈變動，西方博物學亦面臨重要轉型。本文考察身兼博物學家與英國駐臺外交官的郇和，如何側身於十九世紀中英關係與自然學術發展，藉以勾勒出一位西方博物學者在東方從事自然考察的身影。1836年，郇和（也被稱為史溫侯）出生於印度加爾各答，在英國度過求學階段。1854年英國駐華選拔制度改革，郇和因而有機會赴華擔任外交官，在香港、廈門工作。1860年第二次英法聯軍之役，郇和作為翻譯，同英國軍隊深入華北。戰後，郇和被派往臺灣任職，協助開港通商。不過，郇和卸下臺灣一職後，任所漂浮不定，先後被派往澎湖群島、海南島、張家口和長江上游考察。1877年，郇和不幸於四十一歲英年早逝。十九世紀中葉，西方博物學發生重大突破，意即西方博物學朝著近現代自然科學發展。當時學界不但發行採集須知，將研究材料規格化與過程標準化，亦有達爾文發表《物種源起》（On the Origin of Species），提供學界耳目一新的單一起源論，衝擊舊日的多元起源論。與此同時，郇和因執行外交任務而走遍中國大江南北，觀察與搜集了各地的人類和動物，為西方博物學留下了彌足珍貴的一頁。在人類研究上，郇和響應當代英國學者提議的研究途徑，盡其所能提供真實的東亞人類田調記錄。郇和撰寫的臺灣、海南原住民考察文章，分別反映普列哈特與赫胥黎的田調指示。在動物學上，郇和提倡田野現場的重要性。郇和在文章中，時常描寫動物的習性和動作，以跳脫以觀察動物標本為主的動物學研究傳統。也就是說，郇和對上述學術領域規範的服從程度，不能一概而論。一方面，他之所以服膺人類學門的規矩，是因為用於研究人類的材料，多半仰賴採集人在田野觀察到的事實；另一方面，他之所以反抗動物學陳規，是因為他認為，僅見於田野的研究材料不被英國本土動物學者重視。因此，田野經驗能否受到看重，成為郇和挑戰該學術領域與否的關鍵要素。郇和自詡為田野型博物學者，自認不同於坐在歐洲研究小間的櫥櫃型博物學者。總而言之，本文同意郇和對自身的評價。郇和並非傳統定義下的採集人或博物學者，實為採集與研究並行的田野型博物學者。也就是說，本文將不同於傳統博物學史以權威學者為主角的研究取徑，改以重建郇和的生命經歷為討論核心。郇和在從事博物學工作時，面臨什麼樣的學術氛圍與如何在東亞進行田野採集；更重要的是，擁有長期田野工作經驗的郇和，如何對當時西方博物學界提出回應與挑戰。
520 $a In the middle of the nineteenth century, Sino-British relations changed drastically, and Western natural history was also facing an important transformation. This article examines how Xie He, who is both a naturalist and a British diplomat in Taiwan, was involved in Sino-British relations and the development of natural science in the nineteenth century, so as to outline a Western naturalist engaged in natural investigations in the East.In 1836, Xie He (also known as Shi Wenhou) was born in Calcutta, India, and spent his studies in England. In 1854, the reform of the British selection system in China gave Xi He the opportunity to serve as a diplomat in China, working in Hong Kong and Xiamen. In 1860, during the Second Battle of the British and French Allied Forces, Xie He, as an interpreter, went deep into North China with the British army. After the war, Xie He was sent to Taiwan to assist in the opening of Hong Kong for trade. However, after Xie He resigned from his post in Taiwan, his position was uncertain, and he was sent to Penghu Islands, Hainan Island, Zhangjiakou and the upper reaches of the Yangtze River for investigation. In 1877, Xie He died prematurely at the age of 41.In the middle of the nineteenth century, a major breakthrough occurred in Western natural history, which meant that Western natural history developed towards modern natural science. At that time, the academic circle not only issued collection instructions to standardize the research materials and process, but also Darwin published "On the Origin of Species", which provided the academic circle with a refreshing single origin theory and challenged the old multiple origin theory. At the same time, Xie He traveled all over China due to his diplomatic missions, observing and collecting human beings and animals from various places, leaving a precious page for Western natural history. In terms of human research, Xie He responded to the research approach proposed by contemporary British scholars, and did his best to provide a true East Asian human survey record. Xun He's research papers on aborigines in Taiwan and Hainan reflect the field investigation instructions of Priehat and Huxley respectively. In zoology, Xie He advocated the importance of the field scene. In his articles, Xie He often describes the habits and movements of animals, in order to break away from the tradition of zoological research that mainly focuses on observing animal specimens. That is to say, the degree of obedience to the norms of the above-mentioned academic fields cannot be generalized. On the one hand, the reason why he obeys the rules of anthropology is because the materials used to study human beings mostly rely on the facts observed by the collectors in the field; on the other hand, the reason why he resists the stereotypes of zoology is because he believes that, Research material found only in the field is not valued by British native zoologists. Therefore, whether field experience can be valued has become a key factor to challenge and challenge this academic field. Xie He regarded himself as a field-type naturalist, different from the cabinet-type naturalist sitting in the European research room.All in all, this article agrees with Xun He's assessment of himself. Xie He is not a collector or naturalist according to the traditional definition, but a field-type naturalist who collects and researches in parallel. That is to say, this article will be different from the traditional research approach of authoritative scholars in the history of natural history, and will focus on reconstructing Xun He's life experience as the core of the discussion. What kind of academic atmosphere did Xie He face when he was engaged in natural history work and how to conduct field collection in East Asia; more importantly, how did Xie He, who has long-term field work experience, respond and challenge the Western natural history circle at that time.
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650 4 $a Science history. $3 1182603
650 4 $a Zoology. $3 593903
653 $a 史溫侯
653 $a 東亞
653 $a 博物學
653 $a 動物學
653 $a 科學史
653 $a 中英關係
653 $a 十九世紀
653 $a Hou, Swan
653 $a East Asia
653 $a Natural history
653 $a Nineteenth century
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880 1 $6 100-01/$1 $a 張安理
880 1 0 $6 245-02/$1 $a 郇和(Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877)及其博物學研究Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History = $b Xi He (Robert Swinhoe, 1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History Robert Swinhoe (1836-1877) and His Studies on the Natural History.
880 $6 500-03/$1 $a Advisor: 楊彥彬