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The Impact of Older Adult Health Status on Loneliness and Social Engagement : = What Role Does Physical Activity Play?

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Impact of Older Adult Health Status on Loneliness and Social Engagement :/
Reminder of title:	What Role Does Physical Activity Play?
Author:	Shellito, Natalie V.
Description:	1 online resource (215 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International85-07B.
Subject:	Gerontology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798381376777

The Impact of Older Adult Health Status on Loneliness and Social Engagement : = What Role Does Physical Activity Play?
Shellito, Natalie V.

The Impact of Older Adult Health Status on Loneliness and Social Engagement :What Role Does Physical Activity Play? - 1 online resource (215 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 85-07, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Massachusetts Boston, 2023.

Includes bibliographical references

Loneliness and social isolation have become increasing concerns for public health, particularly among older adults. Loneliness is the subjective discrepancy between one's desired and perceived social relationships, in both quantity and quality, whereas social isolation is the objective absence of social relationships or interactions. This research explored the relationships between health status and loneliness and health status and social engagement using physical activity as a mediator. Data from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) Waves 2012, 2014, 2016, and 2018 (N = 6,416) were used to examine loneliness and social engagement. To understand differences in the same respondents over time, the 2012 and 2016 data waves were pooled (N = 3,145) and the 2014 and 2018 data waves were pooled (N = 3,271). The 11-item UCLA Loneliness Scale measures loneliness and confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to construct three social engagement scales: civic and social engagement, family and child interactions, and friend interactions. Multiple imputation was used to account for missing data. Lagged dependent variable analysis, structural equation modelling, and interaction terms were used to test the variables of interest. Higher self-rated health at baseline was associated with decreased loneliness at follow-up (b = -0.02, p<0.001), and higher self-rated health at baseline was associated with increased civic/social engagement at follow-up (b = 0.02, p<0.01). Compared to no activity, higher levels of participation in vigorous activity at baseline was associated with higher levels of civic/social engagement over time (b = 0.09, p<0.001), and compared to no activity, higher levels of participation in light activity (b = 0.05, p<0.05) was associated with higher levels of friend interactions over time. Better self-rated health was significantly associated with increased civic/social engagement through the pathway of vigorous activity (b = 0.01, p<0.01). Better self-rated health was significantly associated with decreased friend interactions, through the pathway of light activity (b = -0.002, p<0.05), and better self-rated health was significantly associated with increased friend interactions through the pathway of vigorous activity (b = 0.004, p<0.05). At average levels of self-rated health, never-married persons reported greater increases in family/child interactions than married persons (b = 0.27, p<0.001). The effect of self-rated health was stronger for never-married persons compared to married persons (b = 0.06, p<0.05). As health declines, poorer health may prohibit opportunities or the ability to maintain desired interactions with other people. Worse health may force an individual to withdraw from their desired interactions or relationships, which may contribute to heightened loneliness, and the perception of one's health may be as important as the reality of one's health status. Family members who verbally encourage or physically participate in an activity with an older adult offer positive social support and may increase older adults' activity participation. As people grow older, health has been found to be a weaker predictor of loneliness, which may explain why the physical activity mediators were nonsignificant. Providing group fitness classes and encouraging older adults to participate is an opportunity to boost physical activity levels and social engagement among older populations.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798381376777Subjects--Topical Terms:

559846
Gerontology.
Subjects--Index Terms:

LonelinessIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

The Impact of Older Adult Health Status on Loneliness and Social Engagement : = What Role Does Physical Activity Play?
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