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Liquid Crystal-Polymer Composites-Application in Optical Film, Displays, and Smart Windows.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Liquid Crystal-Polymer Composites-Application in Optical Film, Displays, and Smart Windows./
Author:	Halder, Suman.
Description:	1 online resource (180 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertations Abstracts International86-01B.
Subject:	Physics. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9798383186244

Liquid Crystal-Polymer Composites-Application in Optical Film, Displays, and Smart Windows.
Halder, Suman.

Liquid Crystal-Polymer Composites-Application in Optical Film, Displays, and Smart Windows. - 1 online resource (180 pages)

Source: Dissertations Abstracts International, Volume: 86-01, Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kent State University, 2024.

Includes bibliographical references

Liquid crystal polymer (LCP) composites have emerged as a versatile class of materials with a wide range of applications in electro-optical devices. These composites comprise systems wherein a lower molecular weight liquid crystal is phase-separated from a high molecular weight polymer, resulting in unique electro-optical properties. This dissertation explores the electro-optical properties and fabrication methods of the electro-optical devices based on LCP composites, unveiling their potential to create high-efficiency displays, dynamic smart windows, and next-generation optical films. Through innovative design and optimization, this research demonstrates how LCP composites can push the boundaries of these technologies, paving the way for a brighter future.One application proposed is the use of aligned polymer dispersed liquid crystal (APDLC) optical film to enhance brightness for the quantum dot (QD) backlight of liquid crystal display (LCD) panels. QDs are commonly used in backlight systems for LCD panels due to their superior color gamut. However, a challenge arises as QDs emit light in all directions, leading to wasted light due to total internal reflection at the film-air interface. We developed an APDLC film with permanently unidirectionally aligned droplets to address this issue. This film selectively scatters light with large incident angles while allowing light with small incident angles to pass through. We can significantly improve light efficiency by laminating the APDLC film onto the QD backlight film.An ideal smart switchable window should have two functions: controlling privacy and adjusting radiant energy flow. Liquid crystal/polymer composites promise smart switchable windows. The three primary technologies for these windows are polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) switchable windows, polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) switchable windows, and polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) switchable windows. We examined the ability of switchable windows based on the three technologies to control privacy and radiant energy flow. Through a systematic study, we discovered ways to enhance their capabilities. Our findings demonstrated that PDLC and PSCT windows with sufficient thickness can effectively manage both privacy and energy flow.Furthermore, a bistable smart window with excellent electro-optical properties and high mechanical strength is developed by using a novel polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) composite material. This design overcomes the limitation of continuous electrical power consumption in conventional smart windows. These polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal composite windows exhibit two stable states: a transparent homeotropic state and a scattering focal conic state, achieved through a combination of anisotropic and isotropic polymers. The anisotropic polymer offers a bistable memory effect via anchoring interactions, while the isotropic polymer matrix ensures mechanical strength and roll-to-roll fabrication process. A low-frequency AC electric field (LF-F) induces a transition from transparent to scattering via the flexoelectric effect, while a high-frequency AC electric field (HF-F) utilizes dielectric interaction to switch back to transparent. This bistability eliminates the need for constant power, offering significant energy savings. The high optical contrast between states and the potential for flexible applications make these PCLC smart windows a promising advancement for energy-efficient light control in buildings and vehicles.Lastly, display technology has transformed over the past ten years to accommodate the virtual world. By superimposing digital information on a scene through a transparent display, users can now simultaneously view both the real world and virtual elements. However, most advancements in augmented reality (AR) technology have been centered on wearable gear or personal devices. We are proud to introduce a cutting-edge, dual-sided display system that allows visual information to be seen by observers on both sides of the transparent device. This groundbreaking technology utilizes a polymer liquid crystal stabilized waveguide to achieve a transparency window of 65% while offering precise control. An early prototype of this innovative display system uses a time-sequential processing of a red-green-blue (RGB) light-emitting diode (LED) strip to display full-color information. This dual-sided display represents a new way to view transparent mediums as display devices for human-centric and service-related initiatives, offering enhanced user interactions and supporting new media platforms.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2024

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9798383186244Subjects--Topical Terms:

564049
Physics.
Subjects--Index Terms:

Liquid crystal polymerIndex Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Liquid Crystal-Polymer Composites-Application in Optical Film, Displays, and Smart Windows.
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520 $a Liquid crystal polymer (LCP) composites have emerged as a versatile class of materials with a wide range of applications in electro-optical devices. These composites comprise systems wherein a lower molecular weight liquid crystal is phase-separated from a high molecular weight polymer, resulting in unique electro-optical properties. This dissertation explores the electro-optical properties and fabrication methods of the electro-optical devices based on LCP composites, unveiling their potential to create high-efficiency displays, dynamic smart windows, and next-generation optical films. Through innovative design and optimization, this research demonstrates how LCP composites can push the boundaries of these technologies, paving the way for a brighter future.One application proposed is the use of aligned polymer dispersed liquid crystal (APDLC) optical film to enhance brightness for the quantum dot (QD) backlight of liquid crystal display (LCD) panels. QDs are commonly used in backlight systems for LCD panels due to their superior color gamut. However, a challenge arises as QDs emit light in all directions, leading to wasted light due to total internal reflection at the film-air interface. We developed an APDLC film with permanently unidirectionally aligned droplets to address this issue. This film selectively scatters light with large incident angles while allowing light with small incident angles to pass through. We can significantly improve light efficiency by laminating the APDLC film onto the QD backlight film.An ideal smart switchable window should have two functions: controlling privacy and adjusting radiant energy flow. Liquid crystal/polymer composites promise smart switchable windows. The three primary technologies for these windows are polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) switchable windows, polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) switchable windows, and polymer stabilized cholesteric texture (PSCT) switchable windows. We examined the ability of switchable windows based on the three technologies to control privacy and radiant energy flow. Through a systematic study, we discovered ways to enhance their capabilities. Our findings demonstrated that PDLC and PSCT windows with sufficient thickness can effectively manage both privacy and energy flow.Furthermore, a bistable smart window with excellent electro-optical properties and high mechanical strength is developed by using a novel polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal (PCLC) composite material. This design overcomes the limitation of continuous electrical power consumption in conventional smart windows. These polymer/cholesteric liquid crystal composite windows exhibit two stable states: a transparent homeotropic state and a scattering focal conic state, achieved through a combination of anisotropic and isotropic polymers. The anisotropic polymer offers a bistable memory effect via anchoring interactions, while the isotropic polymer matrix ensures mechanical strength and roll-to-roll fabrication process. A low-frequency AC electric field (LF-F) induces a transition from transparent to scattering via the flexoelectric effect, while a high-frequency AC electric field (HF-F) utilizes dielectric interaction to switch back to transparent. This bistability eliminates the need for constant power, offering significant energy savings. The high optical contrast between states and the potential for flexible applications make these PCLC smart windows a promising advancement for energy-efficient light control in buildings and vehicles.Lastly, display technology has transformed over the past ten years to accommodate the virtual world. By superimposing digital information on a scene through a transparent display, users can now simultaneously view both the real world and virtual elements. However, most advancements in augmented reality (AR) technology have been centered on wearable gear or personal devices. We are proud to introduce a cutting-edge, dual-sided display system that allows visual information to be seen by observers on both sides of the transparent device. This groundbreaking technology utilizes a polymer liquid crystal stabilized waveguide to achieve a transparency window of 65% while offering precise control. An early prototype of this innovative display system uses a time-sequential processing of a red-green-blue (RGB) light-emitting diode (LED) strip to display full-color information. This dual-sided display represents a new way to view transparent mediums as display devices for human-centric and service-related initiatives, offering enhanced user interactions and supporting new media platforms.
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