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Neighborhood Built Environment Characteristics and Cognition in Non-Demented Older Adults.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Neighborhood Built Environment Characteristics and Cognition in Non-Demented Older Adults./
Author:	Besser, Lilah M.
Description:	1 online resource (193 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: A.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International78-11A(E).
Subject:	Urban planning. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781369873139

Neighborhood Built Environment Characteristics and Cognition in Non-Demented Older Adults.
Besser, Lilah M.

Neighborhood Built Environment Characteristics and Cognition in Non-Demented Older Adults. - 1 online resource (193 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: A.

Thesis (Ph.D.)

Includes bibliographical references

Research suggests that neighborhood built environment (BE) characteristics consistent with increasing urban density may be associated with better cognition in older adults; however, few of these studies have been conducted to date. Focusing on older adults, my study aimed to: 1) systematically review studies on neighborhood social and BE and cognition; 2) examine whether social/walking destination density, intersection density, residential/retail land use, distance to nearest bus/train stop, or population density is associated with cognition; and 3) investigate if BE-cognition associations vary by individual-level characteristics (education, race/ethnicity, sex, apolipoprotein epsilon4 genotype [APOE; genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease], or sedentary behavior).

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781369873139Subjects--Topical Terms:

1180826
Urban planning.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Neighborhood Built Environment Characteristics and Cognition in Non-Demented Older Adults.
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100 1 $a Besser, Lilah M. $3 1181326
245 1 0 $a Neighborhood Built Environment Characteristics and Cognition in Non-Demented Older Adults.
264 0 $c 2017
300 $a 1 online resource (193 pages)
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-11(E), Section: A.
500 $a Adviser: Daniel A. Rodriguez.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.) $c The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill $d 2017.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Research suggests that neighborhood built environment (BE) characteristics consistent with increasing urban density may be associated with better cognition in older adults; however, few of these studies have been conducted to date. Focusing on older adults, my study aimed to: 1) systematically review studies on neighborhood social and BE and cognition; 2) examine whether social/walking destination density, intersection density, residential/retail land use, distance to nearest bus/train stop, or population density is associated with cognition; and 3) investigate if BE-cognition associations vary by individual-level characteristics (education, race/ethnicity, sex, apolipoprotein epsilon4 genotype [APOE; genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease], or sedentary behavior).
520 $a I used cross-sectional, Exam 5 data on 4,123 participants from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), a longitudinal study of subclinical cardiovascular disease that began in 2000. MESA recruited from six US regions (New York, Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, Minneapolis-St. Paul, and Winston Salem) and oversampled minorities (Chinese, African American, and Hispanic).
520 $a The literature review suggested that BE features such as presence of a community center and transit stops, increased land use mix, and public spaces in better condition may be associated with better cognition. Additionally, the literature suggested that lower neighborhood socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with worse cognition, independent of individual-level SES. Aim 2 analyses suggested that increasing population and intersection density are associated with worse cognition, whereas increased land dedicated to retail uses is associated with better cognition. Aim 3 analyses suggested that BE-cognition associations vary significantly by an individual's education, race/ethnicity, sex, APOE genotype, and sedentary behavior. BE characteristics consistent with increasing urban density were associated with worse cognition in Hispanics but not Whites and in APOE epsilon4 carriers but not APOE epsilon4 non-carriers.
520 $a Although an increase in neighborhood retail destinations was associated with better cognition in the overall sample, these results suggest that increasing urban density may have a disproportionately negative effect on cognition in racial/ethnic minorities and those with genetic susceptibility for Alzheimer's disease. Compact growth policies may not be beneficial to all, and thus, planners and public health researchers need to consider the BE's positive and negative effects on cognition in vulnerable populations.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Urban planning. $3 1180826
650 4 $a Health sciences. $3 1179212
650 4 $a Cognitive psychology. $3 556029
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
690 $a 0999
690 $a 0566
690 $a 0633
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. $b City and Regional Planning. $3 1181327
773 0 $t Dissertation Abstracts International $g 78-11A(E).
856 4 0 $u http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10265336 $z click for full text (PQDT)