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Structural and Functional Assessment of Gray Matter and White Matter Microstructure in Late Middle-Age : = New Insights on Connectivity, Memory Networks, and the Effects of Psychological Stress on the Aging Brain.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Structural and Functional Assessment of Gray Matter and White Matter Microstructure in Late Middle-Age :/
Reminder of title:	New Insights on Connectivity, Memory Networks, and the Effects of Psychological Stress on the Aging Brain.
Author:	Ly, Martina.
Description:	1 online resource (174 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-01(E), Section: B.
Subject:	Neurosciences. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781369106671

Structural and Functional Assessment of Gray Matter and White Matter Microstructure in Late Middle-Age : = New Insights on Connectivity, Memory Networks, and the Effects of Psychological Stress on the Aging Brain.
Ly, Martina.

Structural and Functional Assessment of Gray Matter and White Matter Microstructure in Late Middle-Age :New Insights on Connectivity, Memory Networks, and the Effects of Psychological Stress on the Aging Brain. - 1 online resource (174 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-01(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2016.

Includes bibliographical references

Several studies suggest that the age-related structural deterioration of white matter plays a crucial role in cognitive decline due to disruption of neural networks. The first study in this thesis examined whether white matter loss precedes, and may even predict subsequent gray matter loss. Examining participants in late-middle age who received brain imaging, this study showed substantial white matter atrophy in frontal brain regions over a four-year period, a process that was largely independent of gray matter change.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781369106671Subjects--Topical Terms:

593561
Neurosciences.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

Structural and Functional Assessment of Gray Matter and White Matter Microstructure in Late Middle-Age : = New Insights on Connectivity, Memory Networks, and the Effects of Psychological Stress on the Aging Brain.
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245 1 0 $a Structural and Functional Assessment of Gray Matter and White Matter Microstructure in Late Middle-Age : $b New Insights on Connectivity, Memory Networks, and the Effects of Psychological Stress on the Aging Brain.
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 78-01(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Barbara B. Bendlin; Richard J. Davidson.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--The University of Wisconsin - Madison, 2016.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Several studies suggest that the age-related structural deterioration of white matter plays a crucial role in cognitive decline due to disruption of neural networks. The first study in this thesis examined whether white matter loss precedes, and may even predict subsequent gray matter loss. Examining participants in late-middle age who received brain imaging, this study showed substantial white matter atrophy in frontal brain regions over a four-year period, a process that was largely independent of gray matter change.
520 $a Given the changes in white matter observed in healthy aging, the next study examined the extent to which white matter changes impact function. This study provided insight into the role of white matter connectivity in functional connectivity, demonstrating that age-related variation in episodic recognition performance is related to the microstructure of the fornix, a crucial connection between the medial temporal lobe and prefrontal and subcortical regions involved in memory. Several factors have been identified as impacting memory performance over the lifespan, both in the context of healthy aging, and pathological conditions such as Alzheimer's disease. In this final study, the impact of a potentially modifiable risk factor for pathological aging---psychological stress---was examined to determine the effects on brain structure, specifically, the hippocampus. In addition to examining main effects of stress on the hippocampus, this study examined whether psychological stress-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration may be mediated by pro-inflammatory processes. This final study provided evidence that psychological stress is associated with elevated levels of soluble interleukin-6 receptor and smaller anterior hippocampal volume. In addition, high cumulative psychological stress correlates with poor hippocampal-dependent behavior, specifically delayed verbal memory. Taken together these novel results contribute to a more precise understanding of the vulnerability of frontal and medial temporal lobes in aging midlife adults. These findings have strong implications for further characterizing possible diverging aging-trajectories and risk for dementia, and may provide support for identifying a therapeutic treatment window for age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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