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The Role of Potential Losses in Adolescent Decision-Making Under Risk.

Record Type:	Language materials, manuscript : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	The Role of Potential Losses in Adolescent Decision-Making Under Risk./
Author:	Barkley-Levenson, Emily Elizabeth.
Description:	1 online resource (87 pages)
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-10(E), Section: B.
Subject:	Cognitive psychology. -
Online resource:	click for full text (PQDT)
ISBN:	9781303129889

The Role of Potential Losses in Adolescent Decision-Making Under Risk.
Barkley-Levenson, Emily Elizabeth.

The Role of Potential Losses in Adolescent Decision-Making Under Risk. - 1 online resource (87 pages)

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-10(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2013.

Includes bibliographical references

Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by increased risk-taking behavior. Current neurodevelopmental models of adolescent risky decision-making explain this behavior based on an imbalance in development of reward and regulatory regions in the brain. This has led many researchers to focus on the ontogeny of reward processing, finding adolescents to be behaviorally and neurally hypersensitive to rewards relative to adults. However, current research has not investigated adolescent sensitivity to potential losses, a fundamental component of many risky choices. In this dissertation, I use a multi-method program of research, including experimental tasks, surveys, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and psychophysiology, to explore how the potential for both gains and losses contribute to adolescent risky decision-making. My research demonstrates that adolescents, like adults, are more sensitive to losses than to gains when deciding whether or not to accept a risk. However, adolescents recruit more cognitive resources than adults when choosing to avoid risk, suggesting that adult patterns of risk-avoidance become less effortful across development. Furthermore, adolescents are actually more neurobehaviorally sensitive to changes in value than adults are, suggesting that hypersensitivity to value may underlie observed sensitivity to reward in adolescents. Finally, I present evidence suggesting that higher baseline levels of a proxy for dopamine contribute to greater sensitivity to value during risky decision-making with the potential for loss. Taken together, these findings suggest the possibility of a role for dopamine in modulating the neural response to value (and not simply to reward) observed functionally in the ventral striatum, which in turn influences risk-taking behavior.

Electronic reproduction.
Ann Arbor, Mich. :
ProQuest,
2018

Mode of access: World Wide Web

ISBN: 9781303129889Subjects--Topical Terms:

556029
Cognitive psychology.
Index Terms--Genre/Form:

554714
Electronic books.

The Role of Potential Losses in Adolescent Decision-Making Under Risk.
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245 1 4 $a The Role of Potential Losses in Adolescent Decision-Making Under Risk.
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300 $a 1 online resource (87 pages)
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500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 74-10(E), Section: B.
500 $a Adviser: Adriana Galvan.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of California, Los Angeles, 2013.
504 $a Includes bibliographical references
520 $a Adolescence is a developmental period characterized by increased risk-taking behavior. Current neurodevelopmental models of adolescent risky decision-making explain this behavior based on an imbalance in development of reward and regulatory regions in the brain. This has led many researchers to focus on the ontogeny of reward processing, finding adolescents to be behaviorally and neurally hypersensitive to rewards relative to adults. However, current research has not investigated adolescent sensitivity to potential losses, a fundamental component of many risky choices. In this dissertation, I use a multi-method program of research, including experimental tasks, surveys, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and psychophysiology, to explore how the potential for both gains and losses contribute to adolescent risky decision-making. My research demonstrates that adolescents, like adults, are more sensitive to losses than to gains when deciding whether or not to accept a risk. However, adolescents recruit more cognitive resources than adults when choosing to avoid risk, suggesting that adult patterns of risk-avoidance become less effortful across development. Furthermore, adolescents are actually more neurobehaviorally sensitive to changes in value than adults are, suggesting that hypersensitivity to value may underlie observed sensitivity to reward in adolescents. Finally, I present evidence suggesting that higher baseline levels of a proxy for dopamine contribute to greater sensitivity to value during risky decision-making with the potential for loss. Taken together, these findings suggest the possibility of a role for dopamine in modulating the neural response to value (and not simply to reward) observed functionally in the ventral striatum, which in turn influences risk-taking behavior.
533 $a Electronic reproduction. $b Ann Arbor, Mich. : $c ProQuest, $d 2018
538 $a Mode of access: World Wide Web
650 4 $a Cognitive psychology. $3 556029
650 4 $a Neurosciences. $3 593561
655 7 $a Electronic books. $2 local $3 554714
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690 $a 0317
710 2 $a ProQuest Information and Learning Co. $3 1178819
710 2 $a University of California, Los Angeles. $b Psychology 0780. $3 1186652
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