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Stability Improvement of Perovskite Thin Films Through Surface Modifications for Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication.

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Stability Improvement of Perovskite Thin Films Through Surface Modifications for Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication./
Author:	Ezike, Sabastine Chinedu.
Published:	Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, : 2018,
Description:	174 p.
Notes:	Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 80-03(E), Section: B.
Contained By:	Dissertation Abstracts International80-03B(E).
Subject:	Materials science. -
Online resource:	http://pqdd.sinica.edu.tw/twdaoapp/servlet/advanced?query=10977767
ISBN:	9780438640610

Stability Improvement of Perovskite Thin Films Through Surface Modifications for Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication.
Ezike, Sabastine Chinedu.

Stability Improvement of Perovskite Thin Films Through Surface Modifications for Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication. - Ann Arbor : ProQuest Dissertations & Theses, 2018 - 174 p.

Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 80-03(E), Section: B.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kwara State University (Nigeria), 2018.

Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) produced with certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.1 %, close to the PCE (25 %) of commercialized silicon solar cells, has not been commercialized due to instability in the cells' performance. Temperature, oxygen content, moisture etc. are factors influencing the degradation of the perovskite solar cells. In all the factors, temperature influence is least studied and this research is aimed to synthesize perovskite thin films with improved temperature-stability for PSC fabrication. Temperature-controlled chamber based on natural radiation principle was fabricated for stability test of perovskite films and its cell. The accuracy of temperature readings from the chamber investigated and the chamber itself, calibrated with temperature sensor by fluke, showed temperature readings corresponded to the set temperature values. The components of perovskite solar cell are; electron transport material (titanium dioxide (TiO2)), hole transport material (2, 2', 7, 7' -- tetrakis (N,N-dimethoxyphenylamine)-9,9'- spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD)), perovskite material (methylammonium lead iodide (CH 3NH3PbI3)) and the counter electrode (silver (Ag)). The surface of perovskite thin films was deposited on glass substrates and subjected to photo-degradation at temperatures of 55°C and 85°C. Concentrations (5- 25 wt%) of TiO2 films were used to optimize the film formation. The result of electron transport material (TiO2) showed that film prepared from 20 wt% of TiO2 powder and annealed at 500°C has best optical performance at visible light region as confirmed by optical, morphological and structural characterizations. The optical band gap of the film was 3.7 eV with 88 % of visible light transmitted. The chemical analysis from Electron Diffraction Spectroscopy (EDS) of the material shows titanium and oxygen present at L and K-shells, respectively. The sample crystallized with preferred orientation at (101) from X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) analysis. Perovskite thin films were deposited under ambient condition with concentration variation from 30 wt% - 60 wt % where 40 wt % sample showed best performance at visible region. The sample was stable for 120 hours after exposed to ambient condition (air). Surface of perovskite thin films deposited by two-step method was modified using various volume (0-200 mul) of tertiary butylpyridine (tBP). Sample prepared from 100 mul had best performance after photo-degradation test. In addition, perovskite films were prepared with 40 wt % in the glove box and they showed a decrease in absorption as aging of the samples were found to increase. Perovskite films treated with tBP (0-250 mul) in glove box showed that sample treated with 100 mul tBP had slight degradation after 120 hours aging. XRD result showed presence of lead (II) iodide (PbI2) after aging. The surface of spiro-OMeTAD films, used as hole transport material, were modified using various concentrations of lithium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide salt (LiTFSI)/acetonitrile (12.5 -22.5 mul). The result showed that 20 mul of LiTFSI/acetonitrile performed better than 17.5 mul that are widely used. Optimized films of perovskite components were used to fabricate perovskite solar cell with power conversion efficiency of 1.9 %. The solar cell was subjected to photo-degradation test and the PCE reduced to 1.7 % after aging. These research results give insight into how to achieve stability in PSCs that may lead to its commercialization.

ISBN: 9780438640610Subjects--Topical Terms:

557839
Materials science.

Stability Improvement of Perovskite Thin Films Through Surface Modifications for Perovskite Solar Cells Fabrication.
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300 $a 174 p.
500 $a Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 80-03(E), Section: B.
500 $a Advisers: Adebayo O. Aina; Aderemi B. Alabi.
502 $a Thesis (Ph.D.)--Kwara State University (Nigeria), 2018.
520 $a Perovskite Solar Cell (PSC) produced with certified power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 22.1 %, close to the PCE (25 %) of commercialized silicon solar cells, has not been commercialized due to instability in the cells' performance. Temperature, oxygen content, moisture etc. are factors influencing the degradation of the perovskite solar cells. In all the factors, temperature influence is least studied and this research is aimed to synthesize perovskite thin films with improved temperature-stability for PSC fabrication. Temperature-controlled chamber based on natural radiation principle was fabricated for stability test of perovskite films and its cell. The accuracy of temperature readings from the chamber investigated and the chamber itself, calibrated with temperature sensor by fluke, showed temperature readings corresponded to the set temperature values. The components of perovskite solar cell are; electron transport material (titanium dioxide (TiO2)), hole transport material (2, 2', 7, 7' -- tetrakis (N,N-dimethoxyphenylamine)-9,9'- spirobifluorene (spiro-OMeTAD)), perovskite material (methylammonium lead iodide (CH 3NH3PbI3)) and the counter electrode (silver (Ag)). The surface of perovskite thin films was deposited on glass substrates and subjected to photo-degradation at temperatures of 55°C and 85°C. Concentrations (5- 25 wt%) of TiO2 films were used to optimize the film formation. The result of electron transport material (TiO2) showed that film prepared from 20 wt% of TiO2 powder and annealed at 500°C has best optical performance at visible light region as confirmed by optical, morphological and structural characterizations. The optical band gap of the film was 3.7 eV with 88 % of visible light transmitted. The chemical analysis from Electron Diffraction Spectroscopy (EDS) of the material shows titanium and oxygen present at L and K-shells, respectively. The sample crystallized with preferred orientation at (101) from X-ray Diffractometer (XRD) analysis. Perovskite thin films were deposited under ambient condition with concentration variation from 30 wt% - 60 wt % where 40 wt % sample showed best performance at visible region. The sample was stable for 120 hours after exposed to ambient condition (air). Surface of perovskite thin films deposited by two-step method was modified using various volume (0-200 mul) of tertiary butylpyridine (tBP). Sample prepared from 100 mul had best performance after photo-degradation test. In addition, perovskite films were prepared with 40 wt % in the glove box and they showed a decrease in absorption as aging of the samples were found to increase. Perovskite films treated with tBP (0-250 mul) in glove box showed that sample treated with 100 mul tBP had slight degradation after 120 hours aging. XRD result showed presence of lead (II) iodide (PbI2) after aging. The surface of spiro-OMeTAD films, used as hole transport material, were modified using various concentrations of lithium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]imide salt (LiTFSI)/acetonitrile (12.5 -22.5 mul). The result showed that 20 mul of LiTFSI/acetonitrile performed better than 17.5 mul that are widely used. Optimized films of perovskite components were used to fabricate perovskite solar cell with power conversion efficiency of 1.9 %. The solar cell was subjected to photo-degradation test and the PCE reduced to 1.7 % after aging. These research results give insight into how to achieve stability in PSCs that may lead to its commercialization.
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