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Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates

Record Type:	Language materials, printed : Monograph/item
Title/Author:	Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates / by Mihai Alexandru Petrovici.
Author:	Petrovici, Mihai Alexandru.
Description:	XXVI, 374 p. 150 illus., 101 illus. in color.online resource. :
Contained By:	Springer Nature eBook
Subject:	Physics. -
Online resource:	https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39552-4
ISBN:	9783319395524

Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates
Petrovici, Mihai Alexandru.

Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates [electronic resource] /by Mihai Alexandru Petrovici. - 1st ed. 2016. - XXVI, 374 p. 150 illus., 101 illus. in color.online resource. - Springer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research,2190-5053. - Springer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research,.

Prologue -- Introduction: From Biological Experiments to Mathematical Models -- Artiﬁcial Brains: Simulation and Emulation of Neural Networks -- Dynamics and Statistics of Poisson-Driven LIF Neurons -- Cortical Models on Neuromorphic Hardware -- Probabilistic Inference in Neural Networks -- Epilogue.

This thesis addresses one of the most fundamental challenges for modern science: how can the brain as a network of neurons process information, how can it create and store internal models of our world, and how can it infer conclusions from ambiguous data? The author addresses these questions with the rigorous language of mathematics and theoretical physics, an approach that requires a high degree of abstraction to transfer results of wet lab biology to formal models. The thesis starts with an in-depth description of the state-of-the-art in theoretical neuroscience, which it subsequently uses as a basis to develop several new and original ideas. Throughout the text, the author connects the form and function of neuronal networks. This is done in order to achieve functional performance of biological brains by transferring their form to synthetic electronics substrates, an approach referred to as neuromorphic computing. The obvious aspect that this transfer can never be perfect but necessarily leads to performance differences is substantiated and explored in detail. The author also introduces a novel interpretation of the firing activity of neurons. He proposes a probabilistic interpretation of this activity and shows by means of formal derivations that stochastic neurons can sample from internally stored probability distributions. This is corroborated by the author’s recent findings, which confirm that biological features like the high conductance state of networks enable this mechanism. The author goes on to show that neural sampling can be implemented on synthetic neuromorphic circuits, paving the way for future applications in machine learning and cognitive computing, for example as energy-efficient implementations of deep learning networks. The thesis offers an essential resource for newcomers to the field and an inspiration for scientists working in theoretical neuroscience and the future of computing.

ISBN: 9783319395524

Standard No.: 10.1007/978-3-319-39552-4doiSubjects--Topical Terms:

564049
Physics.

LC Class. No.: QC1-999

Dewey Class. No.: 530.1

Form Versus Function: Theory and Models for Neuronal Substrates
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